1. Implementation of Urban Planning: Zoning and Subdivision Regulations Stuart Meck, FAICP Senior Research Fellow American Planning Association Module 2: Spatial Analysis and Urban Land Planning

2. Legal Authority for Zoning in the U.S.  The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act  The Standard City Planning Enabling Act  State enabling legislation  Other authority—Municipal charters

5. Problems with Early Zoning Legislation Urban and local orientation Static view of municipal development A process orientation Optional plan-making

6. The Zoning Ordinance: Zoning Map

7. The Zoning Ordinance District Regulations Yards Height Bulk or Floor Area Ratio Maximum lot coverage Maximum impervious surface ratio

8. Floor Area Ratios

9. Other Regulations Accessory structures and uses Landscaping Off-street parking and loading Home occupations Conditional uses Signs

10. Off-street Parking Standards

11. Nonconforming Uses  Definition Nuisance Lawfully established Vesting Amortization

12. Enforcement Zoning and Building Permits Completeness Reviews Enforcement Procedures Administrative—Stop work Criminal Injunctions

13. Board of Zoning Appeals Structure and organization Powers Variances Conditional Uses Appeals of interpretations, permit refusals Alternative: Hearing examiner

14. Zoning Map and Text Amendments Purposes Piecemeal amendments Comprehensive amendments Map amendment Consistency with comprehensive plan Density and intensity, compatibility Interpretation of plan text Proposed public improvements

15. Subdivision Regulation Purposes Legal authority Contents Submission requirements Design standards Engineering Standards Erosion and sedimentation control

16. Subdivision Regulation

18. Subdivision Review Procedure Preapplication conference Preliminary plat review Final plat review Public improvement guarantees Time limits Exactions & fees in lieu Parks & school sites Storm drainage

19. Planned Unit Development

20. Urban Growth Boundary

21. Transfer of Development Rights

22. Density Bonus

23. Other Techniques Adequate public facility ordinances Impact fees Exclusive farmland districts Traditional neighborhood development zones Overlay districts Critical and sensitive areas Floodplain zoning

24. Current Problems in Land-use Controls Exclusionary zoning Takings Bureaucracy Timeliness of reviews Coordination among governmental units Gold-plating of development standards Lack of clear authority for certain techniques