1. Introduction To UNIX

2. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Home HOME Introduction User Interface Commands Log On Useful Info Resources Quiz

3. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz This module is meant to be an introduction to the UNIX Operating System (OS) UNIX Operating System Why UNIXWhy UNIX? (click to know more..) You will learn the most basic commands, and when you learn these, you will find UNIX very easy to use Learning Objectives

4. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Introduction UNIX is a very powerful and stable OSOS Philosophy: Make each program do one thing well UNIX has become the operating system of choice for engineering and scientific workstations Very fit to run heavy applications

5. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz What is an Operating System? Every computer requires an operating system An operating system is the program that controls all the other parts of a computer system, both the hardware and the software. It allocates the computer's resources and schedules tasks. UNIX is a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system. Multiple users may have multiple tasks running simultaneously. This is very different from PC operating systems. (e.g. Windows)

6. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Log On When you log on UNIX, we will use the ”Petrus” server On your Start menu, run WebtermX Administrator  In the Connection List, highlight Petrus, and hit Connect Log on as you would in Windows Okay, I’m logged on. Now what? Click !

7. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz The User Interface When you are logged on, you will see something like this File ManagerText EditorHelp Function Windows Here you can find File Manager, Text Editor, Help Function etc - very similar to those in Windows Click picture for larger view and comments More

8. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz The Terminal Window We will now focus on the Terminal Window in UNIX This is our workplace for making directories, running programs, deleting files and a million other things For this we will use a set of commands commands Name of Server Command Prompt

9. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Commands UNIX contains several levels of commands A command makes something happen, e.g. deletes a file or makes a directory All UNIX commands are executed by pressing Enter (hit button to see an example) Example

10. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Commands  UNIX contains several levels of commands  The following will guide you through the most fundamental Enter  All UNIX commands are executed by pressing Enter petra:~:(01)$ mkdir unixfiles petra:~:(02)$ cd unixfiles petra:~/unixfiles(03)$ cd.. petra:~:(04)$ rmdir unixfiles petra:~:(05)$ Show me more! Making a directory ”unixfiles”, then deleting it

11. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz List of Commands cdcd- change directory pwdpwd- displays present working directory lsls- list contents of directory mkdirmkdir- make directory rmdirrmdir- remove (empty) directory rmrm- remove files cpcp- copy files mvmv- move or rename files catcat- display file manman- help on a command clearclear- clear screen These are a few of the most common commands, though there are many more available Know these commands? Click here for some additionalhere info

12. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Change directory Syntax:  cd Example:  cd test- changes directory to test To get back to previous directory, simply write:  cd.. Back

13. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Present working directory Syntax:  pwd Displays the pathname of the current working directory Back

14. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz List Content Syntax:  ls In the third line at the picture above, the ls command is followed by: *txt. This is called a flag. In this case it lists all txt – files. Try ls –l, ls -a flag Back

15. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz List Content Syntax:  ls In the third line at the picture above, the ls command is followed by: *txt. This is called a flag. In this case it lists all txt – files. Try ls –l, ls -a A flag is the optional statement that follows a command. Most commands have lots of optional flags attached to them Back

16. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Make directory Syntax:  mkdir Example:  mkdir test2 If you make a directory test2 when standing in the directory test, test2 will be located below test in the directory structure, a subdirectory to test My documents test test2 Music Back

17. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Remove directory Syntax  rmdir Example :  rmdir test2 Important: In order to delete a directory, it has to be empty; containing no files or subdirectories When you have deleted a directory using rmdir, it is gone for good, there is no way bringing it back (i.e when you delete a directory in windows it goes to the trash bin first, you can recover it later if you want to) Back

18. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Remove file Syntax:  rm Example  Deleting a file called ”logo.gif”:  rm logo.gif As the rmdir command, rm removes the file permanently Back

19. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Copy file Syntax :  cp In this example, I have copied the file recipe.txt from the directory test to test2 Back

20. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Moving and renaming files Syntax :  mv Example  Renaming recipe.txt to muffinrecipe.txt:  mv recipe.txt muffinrecipe.txt Back

21. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Display file Syntax :  cat Lists contents of file to screen Other display commands  more- lists contents of file page by page  less- same as more but includes additional options  head- displays first 10 lines of file  tail- displays last 10 lines of file Back

22. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Help on a command Syntax :  man Example  man cd This is a very useful command. It explains what the command does and every additional option and argument you may include Back

23. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Clear Screen Syntax :  clear This command clears screen and the window will look like it did when you opened it Back

24. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Useful info When using UNIX, things will go much more faster if you learn and use the following: To switch between previously used commands, use the up and down arrows If you f.ex are changing directory to documents, type cd do and hit TAB, then UNIX will fill out the rest of the name itself. If you have several directories that begins with do, UNIX lists all of them if you hit TAB once more Do not include special symbols or characters in file- and directory names. Such can be #, å, !, @. Do not use file- and directory names with an open space (instead of test file, use testfile or test_file) Resources

25. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Resources As always when it comes to computing and computer related things, there is a large amount of information available on the Web. These sites may prove useful: Brukerkurs i UNIXBrukerkurs i UNIX (norwegian) Introduction to UNIX UNIX Tutorial Center WebopediaWebopedia (english computer encyclopedia) DataleksikonDataleksikon (norwegian computer encyclopedia)

26. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz This section includes a quiz on the topics covered by this module. The quiz is meant as a control to see if you have learned some of the most important features Hit object to start quiz (Depending on your connection, this may take a few seconds...) Quiz

27. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz General information Title:Introduction to Unix Teacher(s):Professor Jon Kleppe Assistant(s):Per Jørgen Dahl Svendsen Abstract:Provide a good background for solving problems within petroleum related topics using numerical methods 4 keywords:Intro Unix, commands Topic discipline: Level:1 Prerequisites:None Learning goals:Introduce the user to Unix Size in megabytes:0.9 MB Software requirements:MS Power Point 2002 or later, Flash Player 6.0 Estimated time to complete: Copyright information:The author has copyright to the module and use of the content must be in agreement with the responsible author or in agreement with http://www.learningjournals.net. About the author

28. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz FAQ For Questions, try these Computer encyclopedias:  Dataleksikon Dataleksikon  Webopedia Webopedia

29. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz References No specific references, for information, search the web for unix tutorials or unix manuals etc.

30. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Summary Subsequent to this module you should...  know the simplest commands, such as cd, mkdir, etc  be able to work with the Unix interface  Nobody can remember all the different commands, use the help function

31. FAQReferencesSummaryInfo Resources Introduction Learning Objectives Log on User Interface Commands List of Commands Useful Info Quiz Click on area highligted with arrows to know more File Manager Personal Applications You can work in four separate windows doing multiple tasks Terminal Window; here is where you enter all commands Back