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Introduction to Genetics
*What is genetics? Brief History of Genetics *Prehistoric Times: Domesticated Animals/Cultivated Plants (~1000 B.C.)
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Brief History of Genetics
*The Greek Influence (~ B.C.) Hippocrates – pangenesis Aristotle – “vital heat” *Pre-Mendelian Ideas ( ) Blending Inheritance Epigenesis Preformation *Charles Darwin (1859) Natural Selection *Gregor Mendel (1866) Particulate Inheritance
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A review of the eukaryotic cell:
Elaborately compartmentalized systems *Generalized animal cell *Generalized plant cell
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Chromosome duplication and distribution during cell division
Review of terms: *Diploid and haploid *Homologous chromosomes
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The Mitotic Cell Cycle *Mitotic phase vs. interphase Subphases of interphase: *G1 – first gap *S – synthesis *G2 – second gap
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Mitosis Late Interphase Prophase Prometaphase
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Mitosis Metaphase Anaphase Telophase *cytokinesis
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Cytokinesis: Animal cells Plant cells
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Mitosis: Animal Cell
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Mitosis: Plant Cell
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Sexual vs. Asexual reproduction
“budding”
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Overview of meiosis: Two consecutive cell divisions *meiosis I *meiosis II AKA: Reduction-Division
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Meiosis I Interphase Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I
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Mitosis and Meiosis Compared:
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