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Published byThomasine Little Modified over 9 years ago
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Cell Cycle All cells go through the cell cycle, some faster than others.
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Limits to Cell Size Diffusion –Limit to the rate at which O 2 & CO 2 can diffuse into and out of cell DNA –Code for Proteins –Can only translate into proteins SO fast Surface Area to Volume Ratio –The volume of a cell increases faster than the surface area (see diffusion)
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Interphase A cell spends MOST of its life here. During interphase it: –Grows back to full size –Does its JOB!!! –Copies DNA –Gets ready to divide (if it is going to)
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Interphase Remember: –Most of the time DNA is “unwound” as chromatin so it can be “read”. Prior to cell division it condenses into visible chromosomes.
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Mitosis A process in which the cell’s chromosomes separate into two(2) new nuclei. (the chromosomes duplicate before dividing)
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Prophase Chromosomes condense (appear) Nuclear membrane dissolves Centrioles move to poles Spindles begin to form
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Metaphase Chromosomes line up at “equator” Spindles attach to centromere of each chromosome Spindles attach to centrioles (in animal cells) Ready to Divide!
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Anaphase Centromere splits Chromosome divides into sister chromatids Chromatids begin to move towards “poles” as spindles shorten
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Telophase Chromosomes arrive at ends of cell Chromosomes unwind Nuclear membrane reforms Nucleolus reappears
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Cytokinesis Cell Membrane pinches inward Organelles distribute between two new cells In plant cells a new cell wall grows between the cells EACH NEW CELL HAS A COMPLETE SET OF DNA
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