1. Comparison of Two Different Sprint Interval Work to Rest Ratios on Acute Metabolic and Inflammatory Responses Harnish CR, RT Sabo, DM Morries, EO Acevedo This research was made possible through the support of Award Number UL1RR031990 from the National Center for Research Resources

2. IL-6 AMPK ↓ Glycogen ↑ [Ca i 2+ ] Motor Unit Recruitment IL-10 ↑ Glucose Uptake ↑ Lypolysis AMPK Insulin Cell Inactive GLUT-4 IL-6 ↑ S i orGlucoseUptake TNF- α Stimulation Inhibition Translocation Functional GLUT-4 Adapted from Febbraio and Pedersen 2002; Pedersen and Fischer 2007 Initiation of muscle-derived IL-6 release and the subsequent cascade effect From Cytokines to Myokines RECOVERY

3. Sprint Interval Training 2 weeks SIT enhanced S i and metabolic function Babraj, 2009; Gibala 2011; Little 2012 6 weeks 30 sec Wingate sprints elicited similar adaptations to endurance Weekly volume 225 vs 2250 kJ/wk Increased enzymes and mitochondria Burgomaster, 2008; Gibala, 2006, 2008, 2009 Inconclusive single session data on S i or Cytokines Brestoff et al. 2010 showed no acute impact of 5 sprints, raising questions about mechanism for chronic improvement Work to rest ratio believed to impact exercise-stress response Note: Only 8 of 12 subjects could be analyzed for cytokine response.

4. Is there a relationship between inflammation and Si? Will shorter rests influence either inflammation or Si? Questions

5. Methods 13 Men & 2 women 23.8 (0.9) yrs, 78.5 (1.6) kg, 1.8 (0.27) m 16.9 (1.7) % fat 237 (14.6) 2 min Max Watts Testing completed over 3 – 4 wk; 0700-1100 hrs 12 hr fast Each subject completed both sprint sessions Tabata: 10X 20 sec sprint with 10 sec recovery – 5% Wingate: 5X 30 sec sprint with 4 min rest – 7%

6. Study Design PRE BLOOD PRE BLOOD POST BLOOD POST BLOOD 1 hr POST BLOOD 1 hr POST BLOOD 24 hr POST BLOOD 24 hr POST BLOOD

7. RESULTS TABATAWINGATE % Max Power 95.6 (4.7)196.8 (4.7) kJ 64.7 (3.5)68.0 (3.5) BLC (mM) 12.8 (0.7)12.6 (0.7) Total Time04:5018:30 IL-10 (pg/ml) Post 1 hr Post 341.5 (37.7) 534.5 (37.7) 322.2 (37.7) 341.5 (37.7) 528.7 (37.7) 371.7 (37.7) TNF-α (pg/ml) Post 1 hr Post 625.6 (76.5) 947.4 (76.5) 507.6 (76.5) 625.6 (76.5) 946.6 (76.5) 551.5 (76.5) Significant p < 0.05; 2X4 ANOVA Inflammatory response to Tabata and Wingate *

8. Insulin Sensitivity before and after SIT RESULTS PREPRETABATATABATAWINGATEWINGATE Cederholm Index for peripheral insulin sensitivity, 1990 p < 0.03 p < 0.67 Mg*I 2 *mM -1 *mU -1 *min -1

9. Conclusions Single SIT session does not improve Insulin Sensitivity 24 hrs post exercise SIT Pro-inflammatory? Increased IL-10 ineffective at improving Si W:R does not affect SIT inflammatory response Data indicate IL-10 and TNF myokines Future Work: When does Si begin to improve after SIT? Between 1 day & 14 days?

10. Special Thanks Shirley Helm VCU CCTR and CRSU Staff Experiment.com Dept of Health & Human Performance

11. IL-10 Pearson Correlation: TNF- α vs IL-10 TNF-α R= 0.79 RESULTS p < 0.0001