1. Carbohydrates Good or Bad ??????? You get to answer this question at the end! Monomers and Polymers of Organic Compounds

2. Carbohydrates are organic compounds.We know them as sugars and starches. Organic compounds have carbon in them. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen usually in a 1:2:1 ratio. CHO

3. Use the following to make the formula for glucose sugar C 6 H__ O__ don’t for get the 1:2:1 ratio

4. Use the following to make the formula for glucose sugar C 6 H _12_ O _6_ don’t for get the 1:2:1 ratio

5. The subunits or monomers that make up carbohydrates are simple sugars or monosaccharides

6. The monomers of carbohydrates are monosaccharides. 3 examples of monosaccharides (also known as sugars). –Glucose : in blood or leaves –Galactose : from milk –Fructose :in fruit

7. The polymer of a carbohydrate is called a Polysaccharide. Monosaccharide Polysaccharide Many monosaccharides make a polysaccharide.

8. Carbohydrate Polysaccharides- 4 types 1.Plant starch –Stores energy for future use. Example: potatoes & carrots =Storage Starch 2.Cellulose Makes up cell walls in plants. Gives strength and rigidity as well as flexibility to plants.Celery is a good example of a vegetable with lots of cellulose. =Structural Starch

9. CarbohydratePolysaccharides- 4 types 1.Plant starch –Stores energy for future use. Example: potatoes & carrots =Storage Starch 2.Cellulose Makes up cell walls in plants. Gives strength and rigidity as well as flexibility to plants.Celery is a good example of a vegetable with lots of cellulose. =Structural Starch (write on back)

10. Complex carbohydrates continued… 3. Glycogen – animal starch –Stored in liver and muscles to provide energy and regulate blood sugar levels. =_______________ 4. Chitin – exoskeletons of insects =_______________

11. Organic Compound Name & elements they are made of Polymer Name (common and scientific if they are different) Food that has a lot of this nutrient Monomer Name Function of Monomer in the body Name Carbohydrate Elements CHO Common Starch Scientific Pollysaccha- ride Simple Carbs White bread Rice Pasta Complex Carbs Grains Fruit Vegetable whole grain pasta &bread common Sugar Scientific Monosacch- aride Examples: Glucose-in blood Fructose in fruit Glactose in milk Plants Energy storage- starch Structural starch – cellulose Animals Energy storage- glycogen Structural starch – Chiten insect’s exoskeletons

12. Goggles On Use an eye dropper to drop 1 – 2 drops of Lugio’s Iodine indicator solution onto each of the six samples in the white dish at your lab station. do not touch the samples with the dropper What do you think the results mean? Leave you dishes I will clean up. Go back to your seat and write notes.

13. Indicator solutions test to see if a specific substance is present. Benedict’s solution can be used to test for monosaccharides (sugars) Blue for neg. yellowish for positive. Iodine can be use to test for polysaccharides

14. Foods that have lots of carbohydrates fall into 2 categories Simple carbohydrates –Sugary foods –Highly processed grains – white bread, white rice, & pasta –Gives you that SUGAR RUSH Complex carbohydrates –Whole grain foods, fruits and vegetables –These are broken down slower in the body and are better for you

15. Complex carbohydrates are made of many sugar molecules. The fiber in whole grain slows the transformation from starch to sugar.

16. Carbohydrates give you energy! So choose heart healthy whole grain carbohydrates fruits and vegetables (Write on front)

17. What might happen without enough carbohydrates?

18. Or perhaps fall asleep in Science Class???????

19. Product Of photosynthesis ___________ _C_ _H_ _O_ Lipids _C_ __ __ Proteins _C_ __ __ __ __ Nucleic Acids _C_ __ __ __ __ Plants use photosynthesis to make monomers of carbohydrates known as sugar, or monosaccharides. When other elements from the soil (nitrogen, phosphates, and sulfur are added plants can make all the organic macromolecules we have been studying. These macromolecules are then passed through the food chain. Polymers are digested into monomers to make polymers for the organism that ate the food.

20. Science Standard ALL STUDENTS WILL GAIN AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND BASIC NEEDS OF ORGANISMS AND WILL INVESTIGATE THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE.