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Cell Processes and Energy
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Pick up a note packet, chapter packet and warm up sheet I can… differentiate between compounds and elements. Warm up: What does the term ‘elementary’ mean?
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PASS THE JAR NOT YOURSELVES For each jar, use your observation skills to guess the substance. NO TASTING. Write the chemical name from the jar Guess the common name Record what it is composed of Determine if it is a compound or an element.
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Jar # Chemical Name Common NameComposed of… Compound (C) or Element (E)? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Vinegar (acetic acid) Sugar (sucrose) Aluminum Salt (sodium chloride) Baking Soda(calcium carbonate) Oxygen Rubbing alcohol(isopropyl alcohol) Water (dihydrogen monoxide ) Peroxide (dihydrogen dioxide
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Elements and Compounds o Elements any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances ATOM an ATOM is the smallest unit of an element ex.) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur o Compounds two or more elements combine chemically MOLECULE a MOLECULE is the smallest unit of a compound ex.) carbon dioxide
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Water o compound or element? H2O o makes up 2/3 of your body o most chemical reactions within cells could not take place without water “a cell without water” “a cell with water”
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Organic Compounds o contain carbon o ex.) methane, butane, acetone, propane Inorganic Compounds o don’t contain carbon o ex.) sodium chloride (table salt) and water
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Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids
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energy-rich organic compound carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Functions: Functions: store and provide energy and make up cellular parts Examples: Examples: potatoes, noodles, rice, bread
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energy-rich organic compound, cells store energy in lipids for later use carbon, hydrogen, oxygen made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Functions: Functions: make up much of the structure of cells and speed up chemical reactions Examples: Examples: fats, oils, waxes
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What do a bird’s feathers, a spider’s web, and your fingernails have in common? PROTEINS carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur made of the elements carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur Functions: Functions: store energy, form parts of cell membrane and many cell’s molecules o enzymes: o enzymes: a type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions that are necessary for life in living things small molecules that make up proteins are amino acids
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long organic molecules that contain instructions what the cell needs to function made of the elements made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous Functions: Functions: contain instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life 2 2 types of nucleic acids: o DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)– carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring o RNA (ribonucleic acid)– plays an important role in the production of proteins
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We learned about one type of mixture today o Solution, which is a chemical compound What are the three types of mixtures mentioned in the video? o COLLOID, SOLUTION, SUSPENSION o Explain each of them. o Extension: list some examples! Turn in warm up sheets!! Bin near locker.
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