1. LET IT GO!
“People have a hard time letting go of their suffering. Out of a fear of the unknown, they prefer suffering that is familiar.”
-Thich Nhat Hahn

2. TRAUMA: METHODS OF FIXATION
External fixators are pins that penetrate the skin and bones
that are attached to fixed bars or acrylic
using special clamps

3. Bone Fractures – Client Info
Restrict ____________________
Watch for drainage, swelling, heat
Metal (plate, pin) stronger than bone ___________ may occur
Follow up x-rays necessary
Metal should be removed after healing
Metal may cause __________ sensitivity

4. Ligament Injury – Anterior Cruciate Ligament
ACL and PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) stabilize knee joint
Intra-articular structures
Ruptured ACL – __________ common knee injury => DJD
May be complete rupture or partial tear => unstable joint => DJD

5. Anterior and Posterior Cruciate Ligaments

6. TRAUMA: CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY/RUPTURE

7. TRAUMA: CLINICAL SIGNS OF CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY/RUPTURE
Middle-aged obese dog
Highly active, athletic animals
___________________

8. TRAUMA: CLINICAL SIGNS OF CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY/RUPTURE
Animal is non wt. bearing on the
rear leg
Exercise: ____________ stifle joint
Joint effusion

9. TRAUMA: CCL RUPTURE Cranial drawer test ______ in CCL
Tibial compression test
stabilize the dog’s femur with one hand,
while flexing the ankle with the other: +
tibia goes _______________

10. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE

11. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE REPAIR
Extra-articular Stabilization
*Most successful in patients less than ___________
From flabella to tibial crest and imbrication of joint

12. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE REPAIR
Intra-articular stabilization – Over-the-top patellar tendon graft
The graft is usually passed through drill holes in the femur and
tibia and, is attached to the soft tissues of the femur or tibia.

13. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE

14. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE REPAIR
Intra-articular stabilization technique
TPLO – ________________________________________

15. TRAUMA: CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE

16. ACL – Client info Restrict activity 3-4 weeks post surgery
Cage rest
Leash walk only to urinate and defecate
Gradually increase exercise 4-8 wks post sx
Full activity 8-12 weeks
Opposite cruciate often tears within _____________
Weight loss helps
DJD of stifle joint likely
If no surgery, joint thickens - fibrosis

17. ACCEPT YOURSELF
“There’s a period of life when we swallow a knowledge of ourselves and it becomes either good or sour inside.”
- Pearl Bailey

18. POOR CONFORMATION: LUXATING PATELLA

19. POOR CONFORMATION: LUXATING PATELLA

20. POOR CONFORMATION: LUXATING PATELLA

21. POOR CONFORMATION: LUXATING PATELLA
PATELLA IN
GROOVE
PATELLA
OUT OF
GROOVE

22. POOR CONFORMATION ______________ STANCE MAY OCCUR IN MEDIAL LUXATIONS
KNOCK-KNEED/PIGEON-TOED, OR
_________________ STANCE MAY OCCUR
IN LATERAL LUXATIONS

23. POOR CONFORMATION: TREATMENT OF PATELLAR LUXATION
____________________ RESECTION

24. POOR CONFORMATION: TROCHLEAR WEDGE RESECTION

25. POOR CONFORMATION: _______________________________________TRANSPOSITION

26. POOR CONFORMATION: TIBIAL CREST TRANSPOSITION

27. http://video. google. com/videosearch

28. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIA
YOUNG DOGS AND MATURE
ANIMALS WITH CHRONIC
DISEASE

29. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIAHX
Decreased activity
Difficulty rising
Reluctance to run, jump, climb
Intermittent or persistent hind limb lameness; worse after exercise
Bunny hopping or swaying gait
Narrow hind limb stance

30. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIA
Poor conformation combined with genetic, environmental and nutritional factors

31. Hip Dysplasia – PE Pain on palpation of hips
Joint laxity (positive ______________ sign) – early disease – subluxation of hip
Crepitus
Decreased ROM of hip joints
Atrophy of thigh muscles
Hypertrophy of shoulder muscles

32. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIA

33. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIA and OFA CERTIFICATION
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
OFA requires animals to be >2 yr of age

34. POOR CONFORMATION: HIP DYSPLASIA and OFA CERTIFICATION

35. HIP DYSPLASIA and OFA CERTIFICATION

36. HIP DYSPLASIA TREATMENT
NSAIDs
NEUTRICEUTICALS

37. Hip Dysplasia – Treatment
Surgical
Total hip replacement
Salvage procedure in mature dogs with severed DJD unresponsive to medical Tx
Pain free in 90% of cases
Unilateral replacement provides acceptable function in ________ of cases
Excision Arthroplasty or Femoral Head Ostectomy
Forms _______________ joint
Removal of femoral head and neck to prevent joint pain
Salvage procedure when medical treatment not working and other sx too expensive
Best - < 20#; good musculature
Abnormal gait
Triple Pelvic Osteotomy

38. HIP DYSPLASIA TREATMENT
TRIPLE PELVIC OSTEOTOMY

39. HIP DYSPLASIA TREATMENT
FEMORAL HEAD OSTECTOMY
“False joint” forms from
scar/fibrous tissue

40. HIP DYSPLASIA TREATMENT
artreality.com

41. Hip dysplasia

42. Hip Dysplasia – Client Info
__________________ important to decrease load on painful joint
Swimming excellent activity
Physiotherapy – decreases joint stiffness, helps maintain muscle integrity
Joint degeneration progressive
May be heritable – _______________________
Special diets designed for fast growing dogs may decrease severity