1. The Stock Market Crash
“And we all fall down...”

2. Stock Market Crash
1920s - Canadians were optimistic about the stock market
To gain greater returns, investors began buying on margin
Sept Some investors sell shares for cash

3. Late October: number of stocks for sale outnumbers demand
October 29, 1929: BLACK TUESDAY
New York Stock Exchange collapses
Toronto Stock Exchange fails as well
Great Depression begins

4. Cause or Effect
Was the stock market crash of 1929 the cause of the Great Depression or was it an effect?
What’s the difference between cause and effect?

5. Causes of the Great Depression
The Single Men's Unemployed Association
parading to Bathurst Street United Church, Toronto
Text
Causes of the Great Depression

6. Overproduction and Over-expansion
Industries produced too many goods that people couldn’t afford
Companies expanded their manufacturing capacity, producing even more goods than people could buy
Huge inventories piled up

7. Factory owners started to lay off workers
Unemployed people have no money to buy goods

8. Canada’s Dependence on a Few Primary Products
Canada depended too much on the production of wheat, fish, pulp and paper
Less diversity meant fewer products and a smaller market

9. Canada’s Dependence on the U.S.
Imported 65% of products from the U.S.
Exported 40% of products to U.S.
When the economy collapsed in the U.S., it had to collapse in Canada

10. High Tariffs Choked off International Trade
Protective tariffs in the U.S. and Europe prevented nations from trading goods with one another
Less goods traded = bigger inventory and more unemployed factory workers

11. Too Much Credit Buying
Canadians encouraged to “Buy Now, Pay Later” to purchase goods
Led to much personal debt

12. Too Much Margin Buying of Stocks
Many people bought stocks from various companies because profits were always increasing
Stock Market crash wiped out 50% of all stock value in a few hours
Big and small investors wiped out!