1. Protozoans

2. Protozoan Groups Ciliates Amebas Apicomplexans Flagellates

3. Newly Revised Protozoan Taxonomy Clade Viridiplantae –Phylum Chlorophyta algae with chlorophyll –Phylum Euglenozoa euglenoidea kinetoplasta Clade Retortamonada –no mitochondria Clade or Superphylum Alveolata –Phylum Apicomplexa –Phylum Ciliophora –Phylum Dinoflagellata Amebas

4. Basis of Taxonomy Morphological traits –Flagella –Cilia –Pseudopodia –Shells (tests) Reproductive modes –Sexual –Asexual –Spore formation Distinct reproductive cell forms –Cyst formation Characteristic organelles –Apical complex –Kinetoplast –mitochondria –plastids Trophism –Heterotrophic –Autotrophic Molecular –DNA sequences –gene sets

5. Symbiotic Relationships Host Symbiont Relationship –Parasitism –Commensalism –Mutualism

6. Flagella & Cilia Axoneme Kinetosome

7. Fig. 11.6b

8. Pseudopodial Movement

9. Amoeba Amoeboid movement –Pseudopodial extension Phagocytosis –Engulfment of large particles

10. Contractile Vacuoles Osmotic regulation –Remove excess metabolic H 2 O, and HCO 3  –Remove H 2 O that enters by osmosis

11. Feeding

12. Examples of Binary Fission – Asexual Reproduction

13. Sexual Reproduction Conjugation –Meiotic nuclear division –Transfer of portion of genome between partners Sporogomy –Formation of sporozoites –Formation of gametocytes from sporozoites –Fusion of gametocytes to form new generation of sporozoite –Gametocytes and sporozoites are present in separate hosts

14. Cyst Formation

15. Euglenozoa A phytoflagellate –Autotrophic –Opportunistic heterotroph

16. Free Living Flagellates Pandorina colony

17. Colonial Flagellates Volvox colony

18. Cell Specialization in the Colonial Volvacae

19. Examples of Ameba Body Forms

20. Naegleria fowleri

21. Foraminiferan Tests

22. Radiolarian Undergoing Binary Fission

23. Dinoflagellates

24. Flagellates Parasitic examples Cyst formers

25. Intracellular Parasitic Flagellates

26. Parasitic Kinetoplastids Phylum Euglenozoa –Subphylum Kinetoplasta Class Trypanosomatidea –Trypanosoma spp –Leishmania spp

27. Trypanosomiasis African sleeping sickness – Eastern hemisphere –Trypanosoma brucei –Vector – Tsetse Fly - Glossina spp Immages from links at http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite

28. Trypanosomiasis Chaga’s disease – Western hemisphere –Trypanosoma cruzi –Vector – assassin bug – Rhodnius spp, Panstrongylus spp and Triatoma spp

29. Life Cycle of Trypanosoma http://www.genomics.liv.ac.uk/tryps/trypsmovie.html

30. Leishmaniasis Leishmania spp Vector – sandfly – OW Phlebotomus spp, NW Lutzomyia, Brumptomyia Similar protozoan to Trypanosoma sp Cutaneous and visceral forms of disease

31. Life Cycle of Leishmania

32. Taxonomy of Apicomplexans Phylum Apicomplexa –Class Coccidiea Plasmodium spp, Toxoplasma spp Life cycle with multiple hosts –Class Gregarinea Gregarines – invertebrate parasites Single host life cycles

33. Apical Organelles of the Apicomplexans

34. Life Cycle of Plasmodium vivax Anopheles spp

35. Phylum Ciliophora Tetrahymena Stentor Vorticella

36. A Ciliate – Parmecium sp

37. Reproduction in Ciliates Conjugation Fission

38. Conjugating Tetrahymena

39. Conjugation

41. derived from the micronucleus.

42. Reproduction in Ciliates – Sexual and Asexual Fission = asexual

43. Vorticella

44. http://youtu.be/rqD3m9hHhlo http://youtu.be/pds8w7C9FEw