1. ELEMENTS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

2. ELEMENT OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
The activities associated with the management of solid waste from the point of generation to final disposal has been group into six elements.
Waste Generation
Waste Storage
Waste Collection
Waste Transfer and Transport
Waste Treatment
Waste Disposal

3. Waste Generation
Urbanization and industrialization - many changes in the quality and quantity of solid wastes generated
Some of the changes included:
change in waste characteristic
increased volume of waste
use modern techniques in MSWM
concentration of large population in a small area

4. The type of produced depends upon various factors :
Con’t….
The type of produced depends upon various factors :
standard of living
occupation
habits of dietary
Average per capita generation of waste 0.85 kg/cap/day. About 1.5 kg/cap/day in Kuala Lumpur.

5. Housing area generates the largest amount of waste.
Con’t….
Housing area generates the largest amount of waste.
The high income group residential areas - high percentage of leaves, glass and plastic
Market areas - large percentage of garbage and leaves,
Hay & straw is the large proposition in commercial areas

6. Con’t….
Slum areas higher percentage of hay & straw , lower percentage of glass &

7. WASTE GENERATION IN MALAYSIA

10. International Trend in MSW Generation
Most Asian country produce lower quantities of waste (mean kg/capita/day) except Japan.
The developed industrial countries generate more (mean kg/capita/day).
Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong show the pattern of waste generation similar to EC countries (0.86 kg/capita/day) 10

11. US is the largest per capita generating of MSW (1.97 kg/capita/day).
Scandinavian countries generated above the per capita EC average (>0.96 kg)
The population size does not influence the rate of waste generation. 11

12. Waste composition Garbage is the main component - 37 to 48%
Malaysia generate about 72% compostable waste, comprising;
organic waste
paper
textile/leather
wood
Garbage is the main component to 48%
Paper and cardboard is the second most abundant component (18 to 30% is)

13. The composition of MSW reflects the affluence of the society:
Cont’….
Plastic waste was at 9 – 16%
KL generate only 9% plastic waste compare to 14 – 16% generate other three cities around KL
The composition of MSW reflects the affluence of the society:
The way of life
Economic status
Social behaviour

14. WASTE COMPOSITION 24 % PLASTICS 6 % IRON 3 % GLASS 15 % OTHERS
45 % ORGANIC
7 % PAPER
Year
MSW
2002
17,000 tons / day
2005
20,110 tons / day
2020
30,000 tons / day
Source : MHLG 2009

15. Waste Composition (K.L.)
No.
Source Of Waste
Residential
Commercial
Institutional 1.
Food waste & organic
63.1
76.8
40.6 2.
Mix paper
6.7
7.6
16.0 3.
Mix plastics
14.3
9.0
17.2 4.
Textiles
1.7
0.5
0.7 5.
Rubber & leather
0.6
0.3
0.1 6.
Yard waste
6.3
0.9
18.4 7.
Glass
2.1
1.5 8.
Ferrous
2.3
1.4
2.8 9.
Aluminum
1.3
10.
Others
2.5
Total (2,3,7,8,9)
25.5
19.0
38.8
Source: Nazeri 2002

16. Composition of refuse from the municipality of KL, Petaling Jaya and Penang for the year 1990
Kuala Lumpur
Petaling Jaya
Paper & cardboard
25.5
30.0
27.0
Textile & leather
3.4
2.5
3.1
Plastics
11.2
9.8
16.4
Rubber
0.8
0.2
2.0
wood
14.4
3.2
7.0
garbage
32.8
40.8
36.5
Metal ferrous & non-ferrous
2.6
4.6
3.9
Glass & ceramics
1.4
3.0
Others 8
5.9
1.0