1. Clicker #1 How many of the following statements are true? I.All atoms of the same element are identical. II.Negatively charged particles are embedded in a positively charged cloud throughout the atom. III.As verified by Rutherford, only positively charged particles called protons are found inside the nucleus. IV.J.J. Thomson provided the first experimental support for the atom. A) 0 B) 1 C) 2D) 3 E) 4

2. White Light Why is white light white? Energy: Related to the wavelength of light (also relates to the colors of light) Travels through space (Electromagnetic Radiation- contains visible light)

3. Electromagnetic Spectrum http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EM_Spectrum_Properties_edit.svg

4. Example: Light Bulb Heating Wire (resistance through a wire) Energy as Light and Heat

5. Clicker #2 Why does the pickle (the system) give off light? Choose the best answer. A) If you run electricity through anything, it will give off light. B) When protons are in an excited state due to electricity, they glow. C) The pickle contains sodium. The electricity is causing the neutrons inside sodium to move across between the two forks and thus make it glow. D)Energy was put into the pickle (by electricity) so it’s returning back to a lower energy state by releasing light.

6. What puts atoms in an excited state?

7. Applied Energy! Electrons MOVE AROUND Electrons Like to be near nucleus Need energy forces to keep them away Energy released when electrons fall back toward nucleus

8. What puts atoms in an excited state? Applied Energy! Electrons MOVE AROUND Electrons Like to be near nucleus Need energy forces to keep them away Energy released when electrons fall back toward nucleus Colored light!!!

9. Energy Levels Only certain energy levels are allowed DEMO: Flame Tests

10. Energy Levels Only certain energy levels are allowed DEMO: Flame Tests Different colors = Different Ions NONE are white light

11. Energy Levels Only certain energy levels are allowed DEMO: Flame Tests Different colors = Different Ions NONE are white light ENERGY is NOT a continuous spectrum ENERGY is DISCRETE spectrum

12. “Quantized” Energy Levels Time travel..VERSUS.. Quantum Leap

13. “Quantized” Energy Levels

14. Energy emitted/absorbed from an atom in discrete packets Electrons excited or released toward ground state to specific energy levels

15. Niels Bohr Model http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec08.html

16. Niels Bohr Model http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec08.html

17. Niels Bohr Model http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/cosmo/lectures/lec08.html Good at explaining energy levels Electrons go from one energy level to another Electrons can ONLY exist at certain energy levels Works well mathematically for Hydrogen, but not for other elements

18. Clicker #3 When an electron is excited in an atom or ion A)the electron moves further from the nucleus. B)only specific quantities of energy are released in order for the electron to return to its ground state. C)white light is never observed when the electron returns to its ground state. D)the electron is only excited to certain energy levels. E)All of the above statements are true when an electron is excited.