1. The French Revolution
Chapter 7

2. The Estates 1st – Clergy 2nd – Nobility 3rd - Everyone else
Bourgeoisie
Urban poor
Peasants

3. Why was the 3rd estate unhappy?
High taxes
Little political power
Few social rights/priviledges

4. Calling of the Estates General
May 5, 1789
Hadn’t met in 175 years
Original problem: solve debt crisis
Louis’ answer: tax the nobility
2nd Estate demands a meeting

6. Actions of the 3rd Estate
Goal: Overhaul the gov’t
June 17 –“National Assembly”
Tennis Court Oath
1st and 2nd Estate reaction
Louis’ reaction

7. Storming of the Bastille – July 14

9. August, 1789 End of Old Regime
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

10. Women’s March on Versailles – Oct. 1789
Great Fear
Bread – what’s the big deal?
Demands & achievements

11. Assembly Reforms State-controlled Church
1791 – Louis approves constitution
Limited Constitutional Monarchy
Legislative Assembly
Factions within

12. Chaos Émigrés & sans-culottes Pressure from other monarchs
War with Austria & Prussia
September Massacres (1792)
National Convention forms
Reduces monarch power to nothing

13. Reign of Terror – 1793-94 Jacobins Maximilien Robespierre
Louis – tried treason and killed by guillotine
Maximilien Robespierre
Committee of Public Safety
Reign of Terror
“The first maxim of our politics ourght to be to lead the people by means of reason and the enemies of the people by terror.”

14. End of the Terror July 28, 1794 - Robespierre executed by guillotine
People’s reactions
New gov’t (again!)
Two-house legislature
Five member executive (Directory)
Napoleon Bonaparte begins rise in military

15. Napoleon Bonaparte
Birth (1769) & childhood - Corsica

16. Rise to Power 1799 - coup d'état (know this!!) First consul
Real power resulted from plebiscite
1804 – Crowned emperor

17. Domestic Issues: the Good & Bad
Economy
Rid gov’t of corruption
Merit-based system
Napoleonic Code (organization)
Napoleonic Code
Took away rights
Restored slavery in Caribbean

18. Foreign Conquests

19. Costly Mistakes Continental system
British response
Peninsular War v. Spanish guerrillas
Invasion of Russia
Scorched-earth policy
Casualities

20. End of Napoleon 1814 – Surrender to powers of Europe
Elba
1815 – Hundred Days
Waterloo
2nd and final exile

22. Congress of Vienna
“Great Power” – Austria, Britain, Russia, Prussia, France
Containment of France
Balance of Power
Legitimacy (to rule)