1. Kingdom Protista
Placed into this kingdom by exclusion… because they are not part of any other
Not quite plant, animals, fungi or bacteria, though they share some characteristics of those
Most are unicellular, some multi
Most are heterotrophic, some auto
Reproduce sexually (conjugation) and asexually (binary fission)
Classified by how they move and/or what kingdom they are like

2. Animal-like protists Also called protozoa
Live in water/moist soil and feed on smaller organisms (bacteria, protists)
Phylum protozoa
Amoeboid movement…cytoplasm moves forward in a pseudopod (false foot) and pulls rest of body that way
e.g. amoeba, foraminiferans, radiolarians
e.g. Entamoeba histolytica…amebiasis

3. Amoeba

4. Radiolarians

6. Foraminiferans

8. Animal-like protists Phylum Ciolophora
Move by cilia…small hairs that beat in rhythm
Cilia move food into an oral groove that ends in a food vacuole
Remove water from cell by contractile vacuole
2 nuclei:
Macronucleus…controls functions
Micronucleus…used during conjugation

9. Paramecium

10. Paramecium reproduction
Paramecia conjugating:

11. Animal-like protists Phylum Sarcomastigophora Phylum Apicomplexa
Move by flagella…long whip like tail
e.g. trypanosome (African Sleeping Sickeness), Giardiasis, Trichomoniasis
Phylum Apicomplexa
Don’t move, all are parasites
Named for apical complex…specialized structures used to enter host
e.g. toxoplasma, cryptosporidium, plasmodium (malaria)

12. Trypanosome (sleeping sickness)

13. Plasmodium (malaria)

14. Plant-like protists All are autotrophic and photosynthetic
Most live in water and have a flagellum at some point in their life
Algae…classified by pigments used for photosynthesis and color
Green algae: what you think of as “algae”
Brown algae: seaweed and kelp
Diatoms: live in soil
Dinoflagelates: bioluminesce (make own light)
Euglenoids: Euglenas: have a light detecting area called an eye spot.

15. Dinoflagellates

16. Euglena
Euglena

17. Diatoms

19. Spirogyra

20. Volvox http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8O4OolGcPg

21. Fungus-like protists
Reproduce using spores contained in a fruiting body like fungi do
Slime molds and water molds

22. Impact on humans Good: Bad: Create oxygen (plantlike)/carbon cycle
Basis of food chain, especially aquatic
Symbiotic relationships, e.g. coral colors
Research: chemotaxis (cell movement)
Food: seaweed
Bad:
Algae blooms: use up all oxygen
Diseases (specific ones mentioned earlier)

24. Movies
Paramecia conjugating:
Close up contractile vacuoule
Amoeba moving:
Euglena
Volvox
Amoeba eating