2. GenePolypeptide

3. Gene  Polypeptide

4. Transcription 1.RNAP binds to promoter 2.Separates DNA strands 3.Transcribes the DNA (adds RNA nucleotides in a 5'-3' direction)

5. Transcription

6. RNA Processing 5' Cap and Poly-A tail Prevent breakdown of RNA Prevent breakdown of RNA Facilitate passage through nuclear pores Facilitate passage through nuclear pores Cap provides ribosomal point of attachment Cap provides ribosomal point of attachment

7. RNA Splicing Introns Non-coding segments within genes Non-coding segments within genes Removed in RNA splicing Removed in RNA splicing

8. RNA Splicing Spliceosomes bind to ends of introns Resulting mRNA is only exons