1. The Pacific Front

2.  15 B-25 bombers, led by James Doolittle, took off from an aircraft carrier.  Bombed factories, steel mills, oil tanks and other military targets in Japan  This hits Japan’s spirits hard  “We started to doubt that were were invincible” – Japanese Civilian leader

3.  Naval Warfare  Fighting was done by carrier-based airplanes; opposing ships never saw one another or exchanged gunfire  Island Hopping  General Douglas MacArthur wanted to “leapfrog” or bypass Japanese strongholds and get the weaker islands.

4.  Battle of Midway  Led by Admiral Chester Nimitz  Japanese invasion force of over 110 ships was heading toward Midway!  Nimitz prepared a surprise reception for the Japanese at Midway!  Guadalcanal  Japans first defeat  19,000 marines stormed Guadalcanal in Solomon Islands  Japanese eventually abandon island

5.  U.S. wanted to gain an air base for U.S. planes  Japanese were ready and it was a brutal fight!  U.S. eventually takes the island of Saipan http://www.history.com/topics/world-war- ii/battle-of-saipan

6.  Disaster for Japan  Lost 3 battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 13 cruisers and almost 400 planes.  U.S. retook the Philippines and liberated the American prisoners of war!

7.  Suicide-plane, attacks1  Japanese pilots crashed their bomb-laden planes into Allied ships  424 kamikaze pilots on missions in the Philippines

8.  “Operation Detachment”  U.S. wanted a place where B-29 bombers could land & needed to invade Japan  5 weeks of fighting  Japanese fought from tunnels and underground caves and dugouts.  Mt. Suribachi http://www.history.com/topics/world- war-ii/battle-of-iwo-jima

9.  “Operation Iceberg”  Largest amphibious assault in Pacific and LAST campaign in the Pacific  More than 1,900 kamikaze attacks on Allied forces during the Okinawa campaign  “It was a scene straight out of hell. There is not other way to describe it” – Japanese girl http://www.history.com/topics/world -war-ii/battle-of-okinawa