1. Aim: How do we choose a topic for our “How To” speeches?
Thursday, 2/14/13
Aim: How do we choose a topic for our
“How To” speeches?
DN: From your 3 limited topics, roughly outline what kind of information you will need for your speech.
HW: Find at least 3 possible topics.

2. “How to…” SPEECH Process speech:
Tells how to do something (how-to speech)
How to do something (perform a soccer-style place kick)
How to make something (prepare healthy snacks)
How something works (how a helicopter flies)

3. Requirements for the ‘how to’ speech:
Select and limit an appropriate topic
Clearly state a specific purpose
Gather information from a variety of sources
Ask: does the topic relate to my audience’s experiences?
Organize the material
Ask: is the information new or can I offer new insights?
You will use audio/visual materials in your presentation – power point, posters, etc.
2 minutes minimum – shouldn’t exceed 5 minutes.
We will have time in the library (maybe) and writing lab to work.

4. Choosing a Topic for the ‘how to’ speech…
Why is it important to limit your topic?
Select a topic you are interested in
Select a topic you have prior knowledge about
Limit your topic
Narrow your broad topic to a few specific topics
Choose the one you are more knowledgeable about, or most interested in
Ex: TOPIC: Making lunch SPECIFIC TOPIC: sandwich
LIMITED TOPIC How to make a PB&J sandwich
It is important to limit your topic. Your speech should be dedicated to 1 topic and not a general overview of your topic.

5. Make a list of speech topics for process (how to) speeches
Make a list of speech topics for process (how to) speeches. Limit your topics.
PROCESS Speech Topics:
1. How to get on American Idol
2. How to survive on a deserted isle
3. How to survive a zombie attack
4. How to eat …
5. How to play cricket
6. How to identify structure mirrors content
7. How to hotwire a car
8. How to commit the perfect murder
9. How to get into your dream college
10. How to survive high school

6. Possible Sources Internet Library Interviews Personal Experiences
Surveys
How do reliable sources make our speeches credible?

7. Introduction and Organization for Informative and process Speeches
Chronological: details, events are arranged in order, usually for expository speeches
Topical order: topic is broken down into parts and then arranged in an order by speaker, most common for expository speeches
Spatial order: details arranged according to their position in space, for descriptions.
Climatic order: arranges items according to their importance, least to greatest
Cause and Effect: show causes/conditions and the effects/results of those causes / conditions
Comparison/Contrast: show similarities and differences
Introduction:
Attention getter: Start off with
A question – your audience is forced to listen and think
A shocking statement – surprise your audience
A story – or anecdote, hook the audience with a relevant story
Quotation: make sure it’s relevant
Personal reference: relate to the audience’s experience
Focus attention on the subject
Gain audience’s good will
Which of these methods of organization works best for expository speeches? Process speeches?

8. Planning the Body
Determine the main points to stress. (There should be three for the informative speech).
Organize the main points in a consistent pattern the audience can follow.
Outline all material you plan to use in the speech.

9. Planning the Conclusion
Emphasize the key idea(s) of the speech.
Intensify the emotions, or feelings of the audience.
Techniques for Conclusions:
Summary - short restatement of information
Recommendation - tell the audience the kind of behavior you would like them to follow
Stirring ending: use a vivid quotation, tell a story, give an illustration, or relate a personal story. Your aim is to intensify the emotions or feeling that you want the audience to experience.

10. Preparing Your Speech Introduction: Body: Conclusion:
Gains the attention and goodwill of the audience
Develops interest in the topic
Body:
Presents the main points in an organized pattern
Gives supporting information for the main points
Conclusion:
Emphasize key ideas of the speech
Leaves the audience with a greater interest in the topic.

11. How do we adapt our speech to our audience?
A. Experience: topics relate to audience’s knowledge
B. Familiarity: poll audience
C. Technical knowledge: adapt technical language to the level of understanding (ex: I know nothing about football, so you should…)
D. Details: especially for process
E. Essential steps: especially process
Answer: How do these 5 components help our audience gain information from our speech?

12. Three Methods for Aiding Retention of Information
Mnemonic devices: help memory by providing easy-to-remember associations (ex: acronyms: USA)
Audio-visual materials: tapes, graphs, charts, etc.
Demonstrations: especially for process speech
How do these methods help make our speech
interesting and effective?

13. What now?
Create/brainstorm an example for each of the three methods for your speech
Figure out which method will work best for your speech.
Continue/complete writing your speeches.
You may do all of these things with a partner.