1. Operating Systems Mac, PC, Unix,…

2. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal2 In the Beginning was the Command Line – Neal Stephenson Jobs & Wozniak – Apple Original idea to sell information processing machines for home use Gates & Allen – Microsoft sell the operating system At least a computer has a physical presence really Xerox – Where it all really began

3. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal3 Operating System What is it? A very long string of 1’s and 0’s What does it do? Allows users to manipulate other very long strings of 1’s and 0’s

4. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal4 What is an Operating System? (OS) application program (OS) The low-level software which handles the interface to peripheral hardware, schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user when no application program is running.

5. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal5 What is an Operating System? kernel serversclient-server The OS may be split into a kernel which is always present and various system programs which use facilities provided by the kernel to perform higher-level house-keeping tasks, often acting as servers in a client-server relationship.

6. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal6 What is an Operating System? graphical user interfacewindow system operating system loaderBIOSfirmware boot time rommable operating systemRISC OS Some would include a graphical user interface and window system as part of the OS, others would not. The operating system loader, BIOS, or other firmware required at boot time or when installing the operating system would generally not be considered part of the operating system, though this distinction is unclear in the case of a rommable operating system such as RISC OS.

7. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal7 OS Examples… 386BSD, Amoeba, Angel, Artemis microkernel, BeOS, Brazil, COS, CP/M, CTSS, Chorus, DACNOS, DOS, DOSEXEC 2, GCOS, GEOS, ITS, Linux, LynxOS, MPV, MS-DOS, MVS, Mach, MINIX, MS-DOS, Multics, Multipop-68, Novell NetWare, OS-9, OSX, OS/2, Pick, Plan 9, QNX, RISC OS, SPARK (Small Portable Adjustable Real-time Kernel), STING, System V, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, TYMCOM-X, Unix, VM/CMS, VAX, VMS, VRTX, VSTa, VxWorks, WAITS, Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows CeMeNT

8. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal8 DOS Commands Command Prompt from Windows Start – Run – Command This is a DOS prompt, DOS is running in the background, WinXP or Win2000 or … is still running in the foreground Time Date Ping – ping www.yahoo.com http://www.easydos.com/dosindex.html

9. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal9 What is UI? User interface Line commands Text menu Icon menu ‘Click-able’ icons

10. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal10 Xerox PARC Palo Alto Research Center 1st to get into UI (User Interface) and GUI (Graphical User Interface) First started in 1970’s WIMP (windows, icons, menus and pointers/pull-down menus) paradigm Xerox 8010 'Star' system in 1981 (WIMP)

11. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal11 Mac 1984…

12. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal12 Mac OSX…

13. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal13 Microsoft DOS (MS-Dos)

14. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal14 Microsoft Windows 1…

15. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal15 Microsoft Windows 95…

16. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal16 Linux…

17. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal17 The Mac http://www.apple-history.com/index.html

18. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal18 The PC http://www.viewz.com/netscape/buyingguides/os.shtml http://www.computerhope.com/history/windows.htm http://ox.compsoc.net/~swhite/history/timeline-OS.html http://ox.compsoc.net/~swhite/history/timeline- QUOTES.html http://ox.compsoc.net/~swhite/history/timeline- QUOTES.html http://computer.howstuffworks.com/operating- system.htm http://computer.howstuffworks.com/operating- system.htm

19. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal19 UNIX and the like… http://www.computerhope.com/history/unix.htm http://www.computerhope.com/history/198090.htm

20. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal20 Installing Windows OS ‘Clean’ install Existing OS is completely erased Any files on the HDD are completely erased Optimum performance Boot from OS Install CD or DOS floppy ‘Upgrade’ install There is an existing OS Existing files not erased Less than optimum performance Boot to existing OS, upgrade from CD

21. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal21 In the beginning… Cryptonomicon http://www.cryptonomicon.com/beginning.html

22. September 17, 2003Riad S. Twal22 Resources http://www.dictionary.com/cgi- bin/dict.pl?term=operating%20system http://www.dictionary.com/cgi- bin/dict.pl?term=operating%20system http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/using/h owto/gettingstarted/guide/default.asp http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/using/h owto/gettingstarted/guide/default.asp