1. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1 Systems Analysis and Design Alan Dennis and Barbara Haley Wixom John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Slides by Fred Niederman

2. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 2 Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for redistribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.

3. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 3 Three Fundamental Analysis Strategies Business process automation (BPA) Business Process Improvement (BPI) Business Process Reengineering (BPR)

4. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 4 BUSINESS PROCESS AUTOMATION

5. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 5 Business Process Automation Goal: Efficiency for users

6. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 6 Identifying Improvements in As-Is Systems Problem Analysis Asking users to identify problems Rarely finds significant monetary benefits Root Cause Analysis Prioritizing problems Tracing symptoms to their causes

7. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 7 Root Cause Analysis Symptoms ROOT CAUSES Symptoms Identify symptoms Trace each back to its causes

8. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 8 Root Cause Analysis Example

9. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 9 BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

10. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 10 Business Process Improvement Introducing evolutionary changes

11. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 11 Duration Analysis Calculate time needed for each process step Calculate time needed for overall process Compare the two Develop process integration or parallelization

12. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 12 Activity-Based Costing Calculate cost of each process step Consider both direct and indirect costs Identify most costly steps and focus improvement efforts on them

13. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 13 Benchmarking Studying how other organizations perform the same business process Informal benchmarking Check with customers Formal benchmarking Establish formal relationship with other organization

14. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 14 BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING

15. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 15 Business Process Reengineering Radical redesign of business processes

16. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 16 Outcome Analysis Consider desirable outcomes from customers’ perspective Consider what the organization could enable the customer to do

17. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 17 Breaking Assumptions Identify fundamental business rules Systematically break each rule Identify effects on the business if rule is broken

18. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 18 Technology Analysis Analysts list important and interesting technologies Managers list important and interesting technologies The group identifies how each might be applied to the business

19. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 19 Activity Elimination Identify what would happen if each organizational activity were eliminated Use “force-fit” to test all possibilities

20. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 20 Proxy Benchmarking List similar industries Look for techniques from other industries that could be applied by the organization

21. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 21 Process Simplification Eliminate complexity from routine transactions Concentrate separate processes on exception handling

22. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 22 Characteristics of Analysis Strategies BusinessBusinessBusiness ProcessProcessProcess AutomationImprovementReeingineering Potential BusinessLow-ModerateModerateHigh Value Project CostLowLow-ModerateHigh Breadth of AnalysisNarrowNarrow-ModerateVery Broad RiskLow-ModerateLow-ModerateVery High

23. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 23 DEVELOPING AN ANALYSIS PLAN

24. PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 24 Summary The analysis process aims to create value for the organization Three main analysis strategies are BPA, BPI, and BPR These strategies vary in potential business value, but also in potential cost and risk