1. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 1 IS3230 Access Security © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved. IS3230 Access Security Unit 4 Developing Access Control Policy Framework

2. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 2 IS3230 Access Security Class Agenda 10/8/15  Learning Objectives  Lesson Presentation and Discussions.  Discussion of class project  Lab Activities will be performed in class..  Assignments will be given in class.  Break Times. 10 Minutes break in every 1 Hour.  Note: Submit all Assignment and labs due today.

3. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 3 IS3230 Access Security Learning Objective and Key Concepts Learning Objective  Develop an access control policy framework consisting of best practices for policies, standards, procedures, and guidelines to mitigate unauthorized access. Key Concepts  Regulatory laws concerning unauthorized access  Security breaches  Organization-wide authorization and access policy  Access control and data classification policies

4. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 4 IS3230 Access Security Regulatory laws concerning unauthorized access  Regulators have created a large and growing set of regulations and frameworks aimed at enforcing protection of information, privacy, and transparency of information.  For example, HIPAA for healthcare, GLBA for financial services, and Sarbanes-Oxley for public companies.

5. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 5 IS3230 Access Security Motivation  Congress to passed Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX)  To protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities law.  All of these systems employ relational databases, and these projects include database security and auditing implementations.

6. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 6 IS3230 Access Security Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)  Also called Financial Services Modernization Act or Citigroup Relief Act.  Defines various requirements designed to protect the privacy of customers financial institution.

7. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 7 IS3230 Access Security Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)  Ensure the security and privacy of customer information  Protect against threats to the security and integrity of customer information  Protect against unauthorized access and/or usage of this information that could result in harm or inconvenience to the customer

8. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 8 IS3230 Access Security Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX or SarBox)  SOA addresses many areas that affect the accuracy and transparency of financial reporting.  To enforces accountability for financial record keeping and reporting at publicly traded corporations

9. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 9 IS3230 Access Security Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX or SarBox)  IT people focus on Section 404, which requires management to report on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

10. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 10 IS3230 Access Security Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX or SarBox)  It requires management’s development and monitoring of procedures and controls for making assertions about the Adequacy of internal controls over financial reporting.  It is management’s responsibility and can not be delegated or abdicated.  Document and evaluate the design and operation of its internal control.

11. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 11 IS3230 Access Security Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)  Objective Guarantee health insurance coverage of employees Reduce health care fraud and abuse Protect the health information of individuals against access without consent or authorization

12. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 12 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Policy Framework  Identifies the importance of protecting assets and leading practices to achieve protection  Beneficial for documenting management understanding and commitment to asset protection

13. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 13 IS3230 Access Security Policy Mapping 13 Functional Policies ProceduresStandardsGuidelinesBaselines Laws, Regulations, Requirements, Organizational Goals, Objectives General Organizational Policies

14. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 14 IS3230 Access Security Policies  Policies are statements of management intentions and goals  Senior Management support and approval is vital to success  General, high-level objectives  Acceptable use, internet access, logging, information security, etc 14

15. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 15 IS3230 Access Security Procedures  Procedures are detailed steps to perform a specific task  Usually required by policy  Decommissioning resources, adding user accounts, deleting user accounts, change management, etc 15

16. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 16 IS3230 Access Security Standards  Standards specify the use of specific technologies in a uniform manner  Requires uniformity throughout the organization  Operating systems, applications, server tools, router configurations, etc 16

17. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 17 IS3230 Access Security Guidelines  Guidelines are recommended methods for performing a task  Recommended, but not required  Malware cleanup, spyware removal, data conversion, sanitization, etc 17

18. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 18 IS3230 Access Security Baselines  Baselines are similar to standards but account for differences in technologies and versions from different vendors  Operating system security baselines FreeBSD 6.2, Mac OS X Panther, Solaris 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, etc 18

19. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 19 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Policies  Explicitly state responsibilities and accountabilities for achieving the framework principles  Establish and embed management’s commitment  Authorize the expenditure of resources  Inform those who need to know  Provide later documents for consultation to verify achievement of objectives

20. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 20 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Procedures and Guidelines Procedures:  Tell how to do something  Step-by-step means to accomplish a task  Become “knowledge” transfer

21. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 21 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Procedures and Guidelines (Continued) Guidelines:  Are generally accepted practices  Not mandatory  Allow implementation  May achieve objective through alternate means

22. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 22 IS3230 Access Security Password Management Controls  Log accesses and monitor activities  Validation programs  Enforce password changes at reasonable intervals  Expiry policy to lock accounts after a period of nonuse

23. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 23 IS3230 Access Security Password Management Controls (Continued)  Audit logs to review for successful and failed attempts  Password policy  Privacy policy

24. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 24 IS3230 Access Security Password Control Issues  Users: Choose easy to guess passwords Share passwords Often forget passwords  Password vulnerable to hacker attacks

25. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 25 IS3230 Access Security Discussion on Security Breaches

26. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 26 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Failures  People: insiders and outsiders.  Technology

27. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 27 IS3230 Access Security Access Control Principles  Minimal privilege or exposure  Regular monitoring of access privileges  Need to know basis for allowing access  Physical, logical, and integrated access controls  Monitor logs and correlate events across systems

28. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 28 IS3230 Access Security Layered Security and Defense-in- Depth Mechanisms Need to Know PhysicalRBAC MAC Least Privilege Layered Security Defense-in-Depth Security Firewalls Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)/Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Operating System (OS)

29. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 29 IS3230 Access Security Type of Threat Organizations Reporting Issue Misuse of Portable Storage57 % Software Downloading56 % Peer to Peer (P2P) File Sharing 54 % Remote Access Programs53 % Rogue Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Access Points 48 % Rogue Modems47 % Prevalent Insider Threats

30. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 30 IS3230 Access Security Type of Threat Organizations Reporting Issue Media Downloading40 % Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) 40 % Unauthorized Blogging25 % Personal Instant Message (IM) Accounts 24 % Misuse of Portable Storage57 % Prevalent Insider Threats (Continued) By Edward Cone on 2009-03-25: The survey included 100 IT security professionals and executivesEdward Cone

31. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 31 IS3230 Access Security Type of Threat Organizations Reporting Issue Misuse of Portable Storage57 % Software Downloading56 % Peer to Peer (P2P) File Sharing54 % Remote Access Programs53 % Rogue Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Access Points 48 % Prevalent Insider Threats

32. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 32 IS3230 Access Security Type of Threat Organizations Reporting Issue Rogue Modems47 % Media Downloading40 % Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) 40 % Unauthorized Blogging25 % Personal Instant Message (IM) Accounts 24 % Misuse of Portable Storage57 % Prevalent Insider Threats (Continued)

33. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 33 IS3230 Access Security  What functions do the users perform?  Are any of the functions incompatible?  Do some of the functions cause conflicts of duties?  How will conflicting duties or functions be evaluated and reviewed?  How will separation of duties be reviewed and approved? How Much Access will the User Need?

34. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 34 IS3230 Access Security  What internal controls, administrative, technical, and operational, are in place?  Who will review the controls and how often?  Will information be shared internally, externally, or both?  Is approval required before sharing data externally?  Is a data classification policy in place? How Much Access will the User Need? (Continued)

35. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 35 IS3230 Access Security  Contract strategic partner and legal requirements  Authentication methods, data classification, and data storage and recovery  Means of sharing data  Monitor access and violations  Service level agreements Third Party Considerations

36. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 36 IS3230 Access Security Security Awareness Training Facts Information technology (IT) security surveys conducted by well-known accounting firms found the following:  Many organizations have some awareness training.  Most awareness programs omitted important elements.  Less than 25% of organizations had no way to track awareness program effectiveness. Source: http://www.lumension.com/Resources/Resource-Center/Protect-Vital-Information-Minimize-Insider-Risks.aspx

37. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 37 IS3230 Access Security Class Project  Research and write 3 pages Access security policy for a organization.  Use the appropriate research writing style recommended by the School  Submit your research outline in the next class.

38. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 38 IS3230 Access Security Lab Activities  Lab # 4: Identify and Classify Data for Access Control Equipment.  Complete the lab activities and submit the answers to the next class.

39. © ITT Educational Services, Inc. All rights reserved.Page 39 IS3230 Access Security Unit 4 Assignments  Complete Chapter 4 Assessment-Page 95 and 96  Question 1 to 12  Print and Submit in the next class.  Reading assignment: Read Chapters 5 before the next class.