1. Architectural masterpiece and symbol of Expo 67, the Biosphere is a unique and spectacular structure, located at Parc Jean-Drapeau in Montréal.

2. Space:  An empty area! "the architect left space in front of the building"; "they stopped at an open space in the jungle"; "the space between his teeth"

3. An inhabited, shared space: PPeople live in a territory (inhabit a territory). DDiversity exists in a territory. IIn other words, we are not all the same: Ex: Age, sex, skin color, religion, sexual orientation, language, jobs, financial status (rich vs. Poor) etc.

4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwroZ21kRro Montreal Travel Documentary

5. Island of Montreal Average Income, After Tax

6. Different zones exist in a territory   A zone is a part of a territory reserved for specific activities a) Industrial Zone: li

7. b) Commercial Zone :

8. c) Agricultural Zone

9. d) Residential Zone

10. What is a COMMUNITY?  A group of people living in a particular local area.

11. Communities are organized and well-planned out:   Communities must provide important services so that residents can live securely and have a better quality of life.

12. b) School bus services c) Water management for clean, safe water Sanitary Waste Water Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYfKQb0T AEk&index=4&list=PLigfBiohLCvYrM5y4u09 E5Sl5x7mk2HdS

13. Services and facilities provided by communities:  Public services: a) Public transit

14. MONTREAL MR-73 METRO RIDE - NAMUR TO VENDOME STATION  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6khJBfDy6vc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6khJBfDy6vc STM: electrification of surface system  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aKx-WrdfzJY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aKx-WrdfzJY Video: STM testing 100% electric bus  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kv1e8jP5naQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kv1e8jP5naQ

15. d) Waste collection (pick up and dispose trash) https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=u7_HvqvypRs

16. Toronto Garbage Strike. Week 3 and 5 July 2009 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTxipqMzFQ8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pq84iJSyvdo

17. e) Sewage collection Sanitary Waste Water Collection

18. 2. Administrative services and city rules and regulations (by-law). A BY-LAW is a rule made by society to control the actions of its members (Ex: speed limits, parking signs etc.).

19. 3. Communities have zoned areas (reserved for industries, businesses, houses and farming).

20. 4. Communities offer access to airports and train stations.

21. 5. Communities have public buildings for: a. a. Debating and decision-making (city hall) b. b. Activities to its seniors and youth (community centres).

22. A transformed space  A territory is constantly changing.  It slowly transforms over the years.  Newer buildings replace older ones.  New developments replace farmlands too.

23. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kGLhiKb_Z4 Le transport collectif à Montréal a 150 ans ! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmpLL_VMAtc Montreal 1976 Olympics - Opening Ceremony Highlighhts Québec Referendum 1995 LIVE broadcast https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXY7BMRmyxo

24. Certain events, however, can lead to major changes in a short period of time: a) a) War causes major damages (must be rebuilt).

25. b) Natural disaster can cause severe damage to communities (ex: tornado destroyed Greensburg Kansas).

26. c) Inventions may change the landscape (roads allow motor vehicles to travel).

27. Landscapes: Natural vs. Man-made

28.  Many different types of landscapes exist.  Either natural or man-made  Outdated and dangerous landscapes renovated or rebuilt (Ex: Turcot Interchange). http://www.cbc.ca/news/can ada/montreal/final-plan-for- turcot-interchange- unveiled-1.1140347 New Turcot Interchange - Simulation aérienne du projet Turcot http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sZXbdAtJuU

30.  We do not always agree with decisions made by community leaders.  Why? Most of us have different ideas on how shared space should be used.  Ex: Target wants to build a new store over an empty field. Should the company be allowed to do so?

31. 1. 1. An environmentalist will most likely disagree because it would mean destroying green space. 2. 2. The C.E.O. (Chief Executive Officer) of Target would push to open a new store because it means more profit for the company.

32.   An economist will agree because opening up a new Target will create new jobs (less unemployment).

33.  Contractor and construction crew that was given the contract to build the store will be thrilled because they will be making money.

34. Local resident against its construction:   Noise pollution   Traffic   Loss of green space

35. Local resident in favour of its construction:   Job creation   Save on gas due to proximity (close by) of store   Convenient* *Convenience- Anything that saves or simplifies work; anything that is intended to save time, energy etc.

36.   Different points of view often lead to disagreements.   These conflicts become the focus of territorial issues.

37. The 6 issues territories face: 1. Housing (buying or renting a place to live):  People with low income (poor) have difficulty finding affordable apartments; especially in downtown areas.

38. 2. Protecting farms   Cities are constantly expanding and taking up more and more space, encroaching (intruding, advancing on) on farmland. THIS IS CALLED URBAN SPRAWL.

39. 3. Transportation (causes traffic):  Finding ways to reduce traffic is a challenge in cities.  We encourage commuters to use public transit (ex: buses) and to.  We encourage commuters to use public transit (ex: buses) and to carpool (instead of driving to work alone). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJxAMpJ9HXQ

40. 4. Creating a balance between visiting a national park and protecting it:  Visitors go to a national park to admire nature.  Allowing too many tourists at once can harm the environment.

41. 5. Ensuring long-term development of the forest:  This involves the challenge of cutting down trees while still finding a way to protect the forest (replanting, establishing quotas etc.)

42. 6. Sharing and developing a territory:  Aboriginal people want more control over economic activities in their territory.