1. DOEHS Vector Surveillance 2006 Sand Fly and Mosquito Surveillance in CENTCOM Richard D. Wells ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCES PROGRAM US ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

2. Iraq Leishmaniasis Operational Risk Estimate – Low Sand fly fever Operational Risk Estimate – Low Afghanistan Malaria Operational Risk Estimate – Moderate Leishmaniasis Operational Risk Estimate – Low Vector Borne Disease Threats

3. Cutaneous Leishmania major L. tropica Leishmaniasis Sand Flies Phlebotomus papatasi  L. major P. sergenti  L. tropica P. alexandri  L. donovani/infantum Visceral L. donovani L. infantum

4. IRAQ Leishmaniasis Distribution Cutaneous and Viseral Risk Areas Forest Scrub/Shrub Grassland Barren Urban Agriculture Agriculture Rice Wetland Herbaceous Wetland Mangrove Water Ice/Snow Land Cover Type Baghdad Mosul Tikrit Kirkuk Al Basrah An Nasiriyah

5. MSMR, Vol. 13 No. 1, January 2007

6. DOEHS Vector Surveillance Key Players PM Units Walter Reed Army Institute of Research USACHPPM USACHPPM North Deployment Environmental Surveillance Program Entomological Sciences Program

7. Sand Fly and Mosquito Surveillance Supplies and Equipment 2005 35 Kits sent to Iraq and Afghanistan 4 Sets of Light Traps to Iraq 2006 64 Kits sent to Iraq, Afghanistan and Kuwait 14 Equipment Sets to Iraq

8. Summary of Results 2003 - 2005 Summary of Results 2006 2006Iraq9,5311,2726,77810.086,7782,7539,531

9. Leishmaniasis Risk Estimate 2003-2005 IRAQ Forest Scrub/Shrub Grassland Barren Urban Agriculture Agriculture Rice Wetland Herbaceous Wetland Mangrove Water Ice/Snow Land Cover Type

10. Sand Fly Surveillance 2006 Locations IRAQ Forest Scrub/Shrub Grassland Barren Urban Agriculture Agriculture Rice Wetland Herbaceous Wetland Mangrove Water Ice/Snow Land Cover Type

11. Daily Sand Fly Collections per Trap per Night

12. Average Number of Sand Flies per Trap per Night 2003 - 20042006

13. IRAQ Malaria Distribution Baghdad Mosul Tikrit Kirkuk

14. Iraq Mosquito Surveillance 2006 LocationAedesAnophelesCulexCulisetaUranotaeniaTotal Al Asad81594713 1046 Balad199287 288 BIAP1877202438196104541 Diwaniyah47919301 799 Kirkuk 243 Mosul 106 Sulaymaniyah 12 Taji88 10473 1138 Grand Total2724465181212108173

15. Daily Mosquito Collections per Trap per Night

16. Daily Culex spp. and Aedes spp. Collections by Trap by Night

17. Mosquito Test Results 2006 GenusPathogen No. Tested No. Pools No. Positive Anopheles spp.Malaria46410 Culex spp.West Nile Virus518110700

18. Malaria MSMR, Vol. 13 No. 1, January 2007

19. USACHPPM SubComands PCR testing capability Europe takes over CENTCOM specimens USACHPPM Support Surveillance Kits Equipment Sets GIS Threat Mapping Mosquito and Sand Fly DOEHS Vector Surveillance 2007

20. Questions? Richard D. Wells ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCES PROGRAM US ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE