1. Sentence Unit List of Terms and Examples
7th Grade English
Sentence Unit
List of Terms and Examples

2. (page 1) List of Prepositions
about above across after against along amid among around at atop before behind below beneath beside between beyond but by concerning down during except for from

3. Prepositions
in inside into like near of off on onto out outside over past regarding since through throughout to toward under underneath until up upon with within without

4. A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
A sentence must have a subject (the noun or pronoun that names the person, place, or thing the subject is about) and a predicate (the verb that tells what the subject does or is) and may contain other elements
Example  Viking society had a number of classes.

5. Review Terms Pronoun – a word that takes the place of a noun
Personal Pronouns
I, me, we, us, you, he, him, she, her, it, they, them
Verb – a word that expresses action or state of being
Linking Verbs (p.186) – am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

6. Types of Sentences
Declarative Sentence – make a statement; is followed by a period
Exclamatory Sentence – expresses strong or sudden emotion; followed by an exclamation mark
Interrogative Sentence – asks a question; followed by a question mark

7. Types of Sentences
Imperative Sentence – gives a command or makes a request; followed by a period
In most imperative sentences the subject is not present and is understood to be “you”
Example  Go to the store. (you)
Please pick up the papers. (you)

8. Simple Sentence – contains one subject and one predicate
Simple Sentence – contains one subject and one predicate. Either or both may be compound.
Complex Sentence – contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
-dependent clause – does not express a complete thought and cannot stand on its own.
-independent clause – expresses a complete thought; contains a subject and a predicate.

9. Compound Sentence – contains two or more independent clauses.
-clauses in a compound sentence are usually connected by a conjunction (and, or, but, so, nor, yet) or by a conjunctive adverb.
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10. Add list to sticky note – place note on this page Conjunctive Adverbs
also later besides likewise consequently moreover finally nevertheless furthermore nonetheless hence still however therefore indeed therefore instead thus

11. Sentence Elements
Appositive – a word or group of words that follows a noun or pronoun in a sentence and renames it
Direct Object – the receiver of the action of the verb
a noun or object pronoun (me, you, him, her, it, us, them) can be used as a direct object
Indirect Object – is a noun or object pronoun that tells to whom, for whom, to what, or for what the action in a sentence is done

12. Sentence Elements
Object Complement – follows a direct object and completes the thought expressed by the verb
Subject Complement – a word that completes the meaning of a sentence that has a linking verb

13. Sentence Elements Examples
APPOSITIVE Kanisha Taylor, the president of our class, will make the first speech. DIRECT OBJECT Nathan helped him with his homework. INDIRECT OBJECT I gave him a present.

14. Sentence Elements Examples
OBJECT COMPLEMENT They elected Jim president. SUBJECT COMPLEMENT The winner was Helen.

15. SILENT READING

16. Verb Phrases Helping(Auxiliary Verbs) Do does did Has have had
Am is are was were be being been
May must might
Should could would
Shall will can
Verb phrases consist of two or more verbs
auxiliary verb + main verb = verb phrase

17. Verb Phrases copy down each sentence – skip lines
Will you answer the phone?
Dr. Jones must have shown your sister the x-rays.
Peter should not have stayed at the park.
My student has had strep throat three times.
They could fix the light after working hours.
I’m searching for the word in the dictionary.

18. Verb Phrases copy down each sentence – skip lines
Will you answer the phone?
Verb phrases separated by the subject you
2. Dr. Jones must have shown your sister the x-rays.
Two auxiliary verbs must have
3. Peter should not have stayed at the park.
Not is an adverb. Verb phrase = should have stayed
4. My student has had strep throat three times.
5. They could fix the light after working hours.
I’m searching for the word in the dictionary. (I’m = I am)
Subject = I
Verb phrase am searching

19. Adjective and Adverb Clauses
Adjective Clause
An adjective clause is a dependent clause used as an adjective
Usually begins with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, what) or a subordinate conjunction (where, when, why)
Examples
This bus, which is at our stop, will be going downtown.
This is the movie that I told you about.
Spring is the time when birds build their nests.

20. Adjective and Adverb Clauses
An adverb clause is a dependent clause used as an adverb.
It modifies a verb, an adverb, or an adjective
It is introduced by a subordinate conjunction (after, although, as, because, before, if, since, so that, unless, until, when, whenever, wherever, whether, while)
Examples
Don’t start the test until I give the signal.
Although the children were tired, they didn’t want to go to bed.
When I heard the phone ring, I ran into the kitchen to answer it.

21. Clauses – Restrictive and Nonrestrictive
Restrictive  clause that helps identify a certain person, place, or thing and is a necessary part of the sentence
Nonrestrictive  adds information about the word it modifies and is not necessary to the sentence
*separated from the rest of the sentence by commas

22. Clauses – Restrictive and Nonrestrictive
The ball that was auctioned was signed by Michael Jordan. Restrictive
Water lilies, which grow in ponds and lakes, live on the surface of water. Nonrestrictive

23. Adjective & Adverb Phrases
Phrase – a group of words that does not have a subject and a verb
A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, its object, and any modifiers of the object
An adjective phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun
An adverb phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb

24. Quiz – Tuesday, 9/23 Adjective Phrases and Clauses 115-116
Adverb Phrases and Clauses
Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses 117

25. WB 118
10. World Food Day, whose purpose is to make people aware of the fight against hunger, occurs on October 16.
WB 120
10. If you want a good snack, try a banana.

26. Sentence Unit Test Phrases adjective and adverb 115
Clauses  adjective and adverb / restrictive and nonrestrictive 117/dependent and independent notes
Subjects and predicates  simple and complete
Types of sentences
Interrogative, declarative, exclamatory, imperative
Simple, compound, and complex

27. Sentence Types The boys are going to plan a picnic Plan a picnic, boys
Are the boys going to plan a picnic
Wow, this was the best picnic you boys have ever planned

28. Sentence Types The boys are going to plan a picnic. declarative
Plan a picnic, boys. imperative
Are the boys going to plan a picnic? interrogative
Wow, this was the best picnic you boys have ever planned! exclamatory

29. Simple, compound, and complex sentences
My friend invited me to a dance. I do not want to go.
My friend invited me to a dance, but I do not want to go.
Although my friend invited me to a dance, I do not want to go.

30. Simple, compound, and complex sentences
My friend invited me to a dance. I do not want to go. simple
My friend invited me to a dance, but I do not want to go. compound
Although my friend invited me to a dance, I do not want to go. complex

31. Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses
Wisconsin, which is famous for cheese production, is the country’s largest cranberry producer.
The biography that I just finished reading is excellent.

32. Adjective Clauses Spring is the time when birds build their nests.
2. Carrots, which are easy to grow yourself, are rich in key vitamins .

33. Adverb Clauses
If you and I help, others will volunteer their time too.
During the holiday celebrations, few people worked unless the job was really necessary.

34. Name /25/14 English p.460
Sentence Challenge #1-2, 4-9, 11 Answers only Do not do #3,7,10

35. 3. The Lydians, who invented coins, began to use money in 700 BC.
Before coins and bills were invented, people previously bartered goods.
The Chinese introduced paper money, which was first used in the eighth century AD.
4. Although much currency in history has been made of paper or metal, people have also used other items.