1. Chemical Reactions  A process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances with different physical and chemical properties.  The compounds on the left are ________________________  The compounds on the right are _________________________

2. Chemical Reactions  Chemical reactions are represented by _________________________.  – using words to describe the chemical reaction  Ex: calcium + oxygen  calcium oxide  _________________________ – using symbols to represent the reaction  Ex: Ca + O 2  CaO

3. Balancing Equations  Due to the conservation of matter and energy laws the number of atoms in the reactants must equal the number of atoms in the products.  This is called _____________________________  This is a trial and error method.  You ___________________ change the subscripts to balance equations  You must use ____________ to balance equations.  See pages 285-287 in your text.

4. Types of chemical reactions  There are four types of chemical reactions:  1  2  3  4

5. Synthesis Reaction  These are also called _____________________________  Two or more reactants come together to form a ______________ product.  The general equation is: A + B  AB  Ex: 2 Na + Cl 2  2 NaCl  Ex: CO 2 + H 2 O  H 2 CO 3

6. Decomposition Reaction  A ______________ compound is broken down into two or more smaller compounds or elements.  General equation: AB  A + B  Ex: 2 H 2 O  2 H 2 + O 2  Ex: Ca(CO 3 )  CaO + CO 2

7. Single Replacement Reaction  An uncombined element displaces an element that is part of a compound.  General equation: A + BX  AX + B  Ex: Mg + Cu(SO 4 )  Mg(SO 4 ) + Cu  Whether one element will displace another depends on it reactivity.  Activity Series – pg 295

8. Single Replacement Reaction  Figure 9-19, pg 295  A metal can replace anything below it, but nothing above it.  Just because you can write and balance the equation does not mean the reaction will take place. You must follow the activity series.  A metal will displace a metal or hydrogen, and a nonmetal will displace a nonmetal.

9. Double Replacement Reaction  Atoms or ions in two different compounds replace each other.  General equation: AX + BY  AY + BX  Ex: Ca(CO 3 ) + 2 HCl  CaCl 2 + H 2 (CO 3 )