1. CHAPTER 7

2.  The CELL is the basic unit of structure and function in living things.  CELL THEORY states ◦ 1. All living things are composed of cells ◦ 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things ◦ 3. New cells are produced from living cells

3.  1. Robert Hooke – viewed a thin slice of cork with an early compound microscope (1665) ◦ Name them cells because of a monastery’s tiny rooms. 2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek - observed tiny organisms in drops of pond water (1674)

4.  3. Matthias Schleiden – Concludes that all plants are made of cells (1838)  4. Theodor Schwann – Based upon Schleiden’s work, concludes animals are living so all animals are also made up of cells (1839

5.  5. Rudolph Virchow – proposes that all cells come from existing cells completing the cell theory (1855)  6. Lynn Margulis ◦ Endosymbiont Theory – Prokaryotic organisms (mitochondria and chloroplasts) were once free living but began a symbiotic relationship with larger multi-cellular organisms.  Contain their own DNA  Have their own membranes  Reproduce independent of cell

6.  Contain their own DNA  Have their own membranes  Reproduce independent of cell

7.  What is a Light microscope? ◦ Advantages/Disadvantages?  What is an Electron microscope? ◦ Advantages/Disadvantages? *** NEW TECHNOLOGY 1990s *** Scanning probe microscope – traces the surface of a sample. ◦ Images of DNA, Protein molecules, and other important biological structures

8.  Complete the Venn Diagram to compare the characteristics of a prokaryote and a eukaryote.

9.  Both are living things  Both are surrounded by a cell membrane  Both contain DNA What class of organic molecules is DNA? What is its monomer? 3 Parts? What is the function of DNA?

10.  1. Do not contain a nucleus  2. Smaller and simpler  3. DNA is free floating within the cell  4. Grow, reproduce, respond to environment Some can move or swim  Example: bacteria

11.  1. Contain a nucleus that contains DNA separate from rest of cell  2. Larger and more complex  3. Dozens of Highly specialized membranes and structures  4. Single celled to large complex multi- cellular organisms Examples: Plants, animals, fungi, and algae