1. Walking the tightrope between standards and a holistic approach to Web 2.0 usability and accessibility Dr. Mike Wald, E.A. Draffan, Russell Newman, Seb Skuse and Chris Phethean The Tightrope Standards, guidelines Usability and Accessibility Users and Developers

2. Walking the tightrope between standards and ideals Brian Kelly Nov 1, 2009 “an approach based solely on technical conformance with a set of accessibility standards, which fails to acknowledge the diversity of use cases, definitions of accessibility, limitations of relevant tools available in the market place and the resource implications of conforming with such flawed approaches, is the wrong approach to take.” http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/2009/11/02/policies-on-drugs-open-standards-and-web- accessibility/

3. Standards and Guidelines Web 2.0 WCAG 2.0 WebAim WebAim and others Software ISO 9241 CEUDCEUD/ IBM/VPAT

4. European Interoperability Framework 2.4 Underlying Principle 3: Inclusion and Accessibility10 “Inclusion and accessibility usually encompass multichannel delivery. Traditional service delivery channels may need to co-exist with new channels established using technology, giving citizens a choice of access.”

5. Personalisation Will this do for all of you? Showing one size t-shirt No that won’t fit me We are all unique with individual needs and requirements

6. Access Personalisation and Accessibility Productivity Tools Free, Portable and Online Technologies. Access, Productivity, Free, Portable and Online Assistive Technologies

7. Description of 4 Models or Approaches to Web Access Image description The picture is composed of three main objects with interconnecting lines and features. The first object is a blue sphere in the upper right corner with the label "WWW." The sphere represents content available on the World Wide Web (or Web for short). To the left and center is a large white cloud which represents "cloud" computing. The cloud includes servers on the Web that provide accessibility services and features that would be run on servers out in the Web somewhere. The third main component is a rectangle across the bottom of the page labeled "Local Computer/Device". This represents the device that a person would have in front of them such as a desktop computer, a laptop or a small screen mobile device. The computer could be a personal computer or just a computer that a person runs into someplace. There is a line labeled "1" that has an arrow on the end and runs from the Web content directly down to the user agent (browser) in the Local Computer. This represents Model 1, where a browser directly reads and processes Web content. There is an arrow line labeled "2" that runs from the browser in the Local Computer up into the cloud, through a box labeled "Transcoding Services" and then back to the browser in the local computer. This represents Model 2, where a browser, content in the browser or the user sends content to a transcoding service that changes the content in some way and then sends it back to the browser for display. There is an arrow line labeled "3" that runs from the Web content in the upper right to the box labeled "transcoding services" in the cloud and then to the browser in the local computer. This represents Model 3 where all content is routed through a transcoding service in a proxy server that changes the content in some way before the user's browser ever receives it. The final arrow line labeled "4" runs directly from the Web content to a browser that is located mostly in the cloud, but partially in the local computer. This represents Model 4 where the user agent or browser with special access features built in is run as a service in the cloud. Only the basic human interface parts (keyboard, mouse, display, sound) are run on the local computer. The Local Computer aspect could be a special program on the computer, but would usually run as an app within a browser on the local computer Added “Browser with or without additional Assistive Technologies?.” Courtesy of Gregg Vanderheiden Ph.D and Raising the Floor http://raisingthefloor.net/about Webanyhere Accessibar Project BBC preferences

8. The Pushmi-pullyu

9. Web2Access Access Tools Access Tools StudyBar http://access.ecs.soton.ac.uk

10. StudyBar

11. Web2Access

12. Access Tools Interface design 100% Fluid Layout Program size exceeding screen

13. ead@ecs.soton.ac.uk Thank you