1. Space Exploration

2. Space Travel Write down as many things as you can think of that a space explorer would need to survive in space.

3. True/False There is no gravity in space. Living in space has no effect on the human body. Mass and weight are the same. F F F

4. Types of Spacecraft Using the cards on your desk, answer the following questions: Which type of spacecraft is best suited to human exploration? How are the needs of astronauts in space different from their needs on earth?

5. History of Space Travel contributed to space exploration by defining and describing gravity Sir Isaac Newton

6. History of Space Travel Developed the laws of planetary motion describing how planets move in space. Johannes Kepler

7. Solar System Models To study and prepare for space, models are useful tools However, many models have limitations

8. Find the limitations of these Models Correct distances and sizes of the sun and planets

9. Find the limitations of these Models True size of the sun and planets and distances

10. How can this model be used to help plan space trips? To estimate distance, travel time and fuel costs

11. Why do scientists use full size models? to practice in-flight procedures to familiarize the crew with emergency procedures to maximize safety save the expense of a real mission

12. Conditions in Space No oxygen Extreme temperatures Microgravity Low pressure Radiation Large distances Different atmospheres

13. No Oxygen Humans cannot breath in space Oxygen does exist on other planets but not in concentrations we can breathe

14. Extreme temperatures Space is cold and dark Planet surfaces can be extremely hot or extremely cold

15. microgravity When orbiting around a planet, you are in a constant state of free fall Creates a small amount of gravity Microgravity around earth is 1x10 -6 gravity Microgravity causes muscle and bone loss Also causes fluids to form balls – Can make drinking, showering and sweating difficult

16. microgravity Exercising on a treadmill to reduce bone and muscle loss. Healthy bone In Space

17. Low pressure Low pressures in space make it harder for the heart to pump blood around the body

18. radiation The sun produces large amounts of solar radiation The closer to the sun, the more radiation Too much solar radiation can kill humans Atmospheres help block solar radiation

19. Large distances Distances between planets and moon can be huge Can take years/decades to get to some places Depression can set in

20. Different Atmospheres Earth’s atmosphere shields us from: – Radiation – Collisions with meteoroids and asteroids It also allows for gas exchange between plants and animals

21. One way to overcome large distances: The slingshot theory Going around another planet and using it’s gravity to gain speed Longer trip but takes less time

22. Slingshot Effect

23. What technology has been developed to help a human survive and move in space?

24. http://www.spacekids.co.uk/spacesuits/

25. What does a Spacesuit do? Creates pressure to force blood around the body Provides oxygen and collects carbon dioxide Helps regulate temperature

26. The Spacesuit Layers Multiple layers helps to maintain temperature

27. The Spacesuit Backpack Provide pure O 2 for inhaling and canisters to collect CO 2

28. Spacesuit Training Astronauts train in a pool to lighten the weight of the suit This helps them to move more easily and practice tasks

29. Future of Space Travel Manned trip to the moon Manned trip to Mars Manned colonies on Mars Exploration

30. Research topics http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/HRP_Feature/ http://www.nasa.gov/externalflash/HRP_Feature/ leaving earth effects of microgravity on the body space suits space food waste management living and working in space spacecraft