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Animal & Human Experimentation. Humans utilize animals in many ways.  More than 95% of animals are used for food & clothing  Research = small percentage.

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Presentation on theme: "Animal & Human Experimentation. Humans utilize animals in many ways.  More than 95% of animals are used for food & clothing  Research = small percentage."— Presentation transcript:

1 Animal & Human Experimentation

2 Humans utilize animals in many ways.  More than 95% of animals are used for food & clothing  Research = small percentage  Is the use of animals in research, teaching, and other potentially harmful endeavors justified by the outcomes?

3 Should animals be excluded from research that only gives “basic knowledge?” –Even “basic” research applies to clinical situations.  Most research applications are unknown when research begins, and its applications are not always good. (atomic bombs, chemical warfare) –Understanding disease requires first understanding the “normal” functioning  To understand disease (mental/physical) we must understand the workings of the body.

4 Should research use mathematical models instead of animals? –Even the best models cannot predict how the complete organism behaves.

5 Minimizing Pain  Surgical Anesthesia  Use of electrical shock is infrequent and mild.  Most research seeks to avoid pain to animal subjects –Concern for animal subject’s welfare –Legal regulations (APA) –Unnecessary discomfort is an experimental confound.

6 Some pain is intentional.  Examples: research on pain, head or spinal injuries, tumors, painful human diseases, veterinary medicine  Some experiments seek to understand pain and the neuropsychological mechanisms that govern it.  Consider the alternatives?

7 APA Guidelines/Humans  Informed Consent  May not be coerced, free to withdraw at anytime.  Minimize physical and mental discomfort, harm, and danger.  Deception must be justifiable (debriefed)  Confidentiality  Must honor any commitments made  Researcher must detect & remove any undesirable consequences.


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