2. 1-3. Answers will vary.

5. giraffe elephants warthog antelope

6. Lesson 10A Click here to enlarge the passage

7. Vocabulary Lesson 10A

8. board (n.) a writing surface such as a whiteboard or chalkboard

9. lecture (n.) a talk meant to teach people about a subject

10. staff (pl. n.) the people who work for an organization or company

11. apply (v.) to use something you know or have learned

12. principle (n.) a belief about the way people should behave

13. local (adj.) nearby, in your neighborhood or area

14. topic (n.) the subject, the main idea

15. project (n.) a study or a piece of research

16. consist (v.) to be made up of something

17. aim (v.) to plan or hope to achieve something

18. entire passage line 8 lines 9-14

19. line 10

20. c e d a b

21. staff principle aim lectures

22. boards topics local apply consists

23. apply principle project aim staff

26. 1 and 2. Answers will vary.

27. Lesson 10B Click here to enlarge the passage

28. Vocabulary Lesson 10B

29. create (v.) to make or develop something for the first time

30. edit (v.) to add to or correct something, like a piece of writing or a video

31. article (n.) a story or piece in a newspaper

32. document (n.) a written item, like a book or an article

33. connect (v.) to join together, to contact

34. ability (n.) a quality or skill that makes it possible to do something

35. digital (adj.) giving information in electronic form, computerized

36. core (n.) the center or most important part of something

37. practice (v.) to do something often to get better at it

38. skill (n.) an activity that requires special training and knowledge

39. lines 2-6 lines 4-5 lines 8-11

41. publish reach connect collaborate classrooms media

42. skills digital

43. create ability practice edit connect

45. Challenges, things that test us

46. lectures consists skills ability

47. aim principles apply project

48. 1 and 2. Answers will vary.

49. For More Information http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/20 05/01/0131_050131_school.html http://ksuanth.weebly.com/wesch.html

50. Key Words for Internet Research AfghanistanMaasaisearch engines BamianMichael Weschsocial networking Boulder Outdoor Survival School mobile InternetSouthern Cross School blogsOne Laptop Per Child South Africa video sharing

51. Reading Skills

52. Understanding the Main Idea Once we've determined the text type of a passage, and what it's generally about, we usually then read on to understand the main idea of the passage. In other words: What is the writer basically telling us? Or, What is the writer's main message? Understanding the main idea of a text means being able to identify the most important point or information in the passage.

53. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing involves the skill of identifying a restatement of a section in a passage that retains the basic meaning while changing the words, often explained in a more simplified form. A paraphrase often clarifies a more ambiguous original statement in the text by putting it into alternative words that are often more easily understood.

54. Recognizing the Purpose Recognizing the purpose of a text involves firstly asking yourself a few important questions such as “What am I reading?” to determine text type (eg: newspaper article, website, advertisement), “Why did the author write the text?”, to establish author’s objectives, and “Why am I reading this text?”, to determine your own reading objectives and what you can extract from the passage.

55. Defining Vocabulary Often a reading passage contains definitions or explanations of new words related to the topic. The definitions in the text may be given through different clues to help you identify how the author has explained its meaning. It is important to understand synonyms or parallel expressions are often used to define target vocabulary items.

56. Identifying Details Identifying details in a text to answer specific questions (eg: who, what, when, where, why) is often achieved through a strategy known as ‘Scanning’ for details. This is actually a technique often used in daily life when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. Also when you read a newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text for important information of interest.

57. Understanding Reference Understanding reference in a text is an important reading skill which involves focusing on specific meaning of ‘pronoun references’ used throughout a passage (eg: this, those, their, it). This is an important skill to help develop full comprehension of significant details of a section of a passage which refer back to previous statements made.

58. Making Inferences When we read a text, the author does not tell us everything. Therefore, we must be able to guess some things and make clear assumptions from the information, facts, opinions and author’s feelings presented in the passage. Such a process of guessing and critical thinking is called ‘Making inferences’