1. GROWTH AND DECLINE OF SETTLEMENTS P.46-55

2. GROWTH When Canada was formed (1867) Canada was mainly an agricultural country. Atlantic Canada developed very strong fishing, lumbering and shipbuilding industries. West Coast developed for the same reasons. Great Lakes-St. Lawrence grew as very strong farming area because of rich soil. This also caused the growth of other centres around because businesses set up to provide services to the farmers. Farmers make $, businesses make $, more people move to the area. Areas makes $.

3. GREAT LAKES – ST. LAWRENCE Over 16 million people here now.

4. ATLANTIC GROWTH The region’s major cities today grew because of the industries that once developed there. (Saint John, Halifax) What would make Halifax an attractive city to settle? Military defense (Citadel) Deep water port. (Used during WW1 and WWII)

5. CLASSIFYING COMMUNITIES What would be some things that determine the difference between classifying communities? Population Infrastructure (buildings, systems, development) Services

6. RURAL VS. URBAN Rural Areas, often agricultural, that are located outside of towns or cities. (Fewer than 1000 people). Urban Towns or cities with a population of 1000 or more, or areas with a population density of at least 400 people per square kilometer. Rural to Urban drift The movement of people from areas of lower population density into towns and cities. Urbanization The process by which a rural area becomes urban.

7. VILLAGES (TOWNS) VS. CITIES? Villages (towns) Limited services Small populations Have to leave for high school, hospital Malls and department stores Cities Larger populations Universities or colleges Head offices of companies. Government offices More involved infrastructure (sewer, water and roads systems)

8. COMMUNITY POPULATION DECLINE Why do the populations of some communities decline? How could a change in transportation routes and methods affect a community’s population? Trains, highways Why is there a rural to urban shift in population?

9. POPULATION SHIFT Over the last 120 years Canada’s population went from 75% rural in 1881 to 80% urban in 2001

10. WORLD URBANIZATION

11. POPULATION SHIFT (CONT) Since WWII the urbanization rate has drastically increased. Communities based on major natural resources (fishing, farming, mining) have been abandoned, What effects does a population decline have on a community? Services withdraw, Businesses close, More people to move away.

12. POPULATION SHIFT (CONT) How could a population boom both negatively and positively affect a rural area? Negatively Can’t handle fast influx of people. Roads get more wear. Not enough housing Not enough jobs Traffic congestion Inadequate services like electric, water, sewer Environment Positively Tax dollars increase. Increased revenue for business Larger workforce

13. MEGACITIES What are “Megacities”? Massive urban areas (over 10 million) that are so large that city life becomes difficult to sustain. These megacities are mainly in developing nations (3 rd world nations) Why is this a bad thing? The nation is developing, they don’t have $. It usually means conditions in the megacities are very poor. Environment is poor. Infrastructure is in poor shape. Plus the problems that all cities face with pop. boom. Can anyone name a megacity?

14. MEGACITIES IN THE WORLD