1. Chapter 27 – World War I and Its Aftermath
Section 3 – A New Kind of Conflict
The Central Powers
The Allies
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Enver Pasha
Franz Joseph

2. Setting the Scene
The “Great War” as newspapers soon called it, was the largest conflict in history up to that time. The French mobilized almost 8.5 million men, the British 9 million, the Russians 12 million, and the Germans 11 million. But for those who fought, the statistics were more personal. "One out of every four men who went out to the World War did not come back again," recalled a survivor, "and of those who came back, many are maimed and blind and some are mad."
The early enthusiasm for the war soon faded. There were no stirring cavalry charges, no quick and glorious victories. This was a new kind of war, far deadlier than any ever fought before.

3. I. The Western Front
The Germans followed the Schlieffen Plan and swept through Belgium toward Paris

4. The Tsar, Head of the Russian Army
I. The Western Front
Russia mobilized quicker than expected and Germany had to shift troops to the Eastern Front
The Tsar, Head of the Russian Army

5. I. The Western Front
September British and French troops halted the German offensive in the battle of the Marne

6. I. The Western Front
Both sides dug in for the winter, creating a system of trenches from Switzerland to the English Channel

7. I. The Western Front
Battle lines in France remained almost unchanged for four years during the “trench warfare”

8. Between the opposing trench lines lay "no man's land”
I. The Western Front
Between the opposing trench lines lay "no man's land”

9. I. The Western Front
Soldiers would go "over the top" and charge across no man's land toward the enemy lines

10. I. The Western Front
The enemy would counterattack and the fighting went back and forth, gaining little territory

11. I. The Western Front
In 1916, German forces attacked the French at Verdun – there were more than a half-million casualties
Massacre at Verdun

12. I. The Western Front
In 1916, the Allies launched an offensive at the Somme River - in the 5 month battle, over 1 million soldiers were killed

13. II. Technology of Modern Warfare
Modern weapons - machine guns, larger artillery, and poison gas - added to the destructiveness of the war

14. II. Technology of Modern Warfare
In 1916, Britain introduced the armored tank, but it did little to break the stalemate

15. II. Technology of Modern Warfare
Both sides used airplanes and Germany used zeppelins to bomb the English coast

16. II. Technology of Modern Warfare
German U-boats sank Allied merchant ships carrying supplies to Britain

17. Russian Troops Fleeing after the Battle of Tannenberg
III. A Global Conflict
In August 1914, the Russians opened the Eastern Front but were defeated at the Battle of Tannenburg
Russian Troops Fleeing after the Battle of Tannenberg

18. III. A Global Conflict
In 1915, Bulgaria joined the Central Powers and Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary and Germany
WWI Italian postcard represents Serbia fighting with Austria and Germany, while Bulgaria tries to kill Serbia with a knife and Greece watches from the sideline.

19. III. A Global Conflict
Japan allied with Britain and seized German outposts in China and islands in the Pacific

20. III. A Global Conflict
The Turks closed off the Dardanelles and in 1915, the Allies attacked and lost at Gallipoli

21. III. A Global Conflict
In 1916, Arabs led by Husayn ibn Ali revolted against the Ottoman Empire
Sharif Hussein bin Ali, King of the Arabs and King of the Hijaz
The Great Arab Revolt, Wadi Rum, 1917

22. III. A Global Conflict
The British sent Colonel T. E. Lawrence - aka Lawrence of Arabia - to support the Arab revolt

23. European colonies provided troops, laborers, and supplies
III. A Global Conflict
European colonies provided troops, laborers, and supplies
A day for the African army and the Colonial troops. French soldiers with black soldiers from Africa and the colonies