1. 4 th Pillar of Islam The Fasting in Ramadan (The Expression of Divine Love Through Self-Discipline) 4 th Pillar of Islam The Fasting in Ramadan (The Expression of Divine Love Through Self-Discipline)

2. Definition of Fasting: Technically defined as ‘to refrain from eating, drinking, and having intimate relation from dawn to sunset with an intention.’ Who is obliged to fast in Ramadan? OOn every Muslim WWho is Sane MMature AAware of its obligation Literal meaning: Sawm/Siyaam – Comes from the word (withdrawal/stop/avoid)

3. TTraveler (does not intend to stay at a particular destination for more then 14 days) PPregnant Women and Nursing Women WWho are extremely elderly and frail WWith Chronic ailments CChildren FFidya ((ransom)-1.6kg of wheat or 3.2kg of barley to a poor person or pay its value in cash per fast Note: No one can fast on behalf of another person Who is not obliged to fast in Ramadan?

4. Kaffarah-Expiation Fast for 60 days consecutively in Ramadan Punishment Not a punishment Can make it up later Qada-Make up

5. What is Kaffara? 1.To deliberately break the fast 2.To in take medication 3.To swallow the saliva of one’s spouse Kaffara Expiation Kaffara is: TTo fast for 60 days consecutively. If a person is unable to do this, he may; FFeed 60 people 2 meals FFeed one poor person two meals a day for 60 days GGive 60 poor people 1.6kg of wheat or its equal value in cash GGive 1 poor person 1.6kg of wheat or its equal value in cash every day for 60 days

6. Things That Break Fast: 1.To eat something that is not considered food ex. Paper, dough, flour etc. 2.Forced to eat, drink or have intimate relationship 3.Taking enema or inserting medicinal drops into the nostrils 4.Putting eardrops in the ear 5.Accidently swallow water when rinsing the mouth 6.Deliberately vomiting a mouthful, or to swallow vomit after vomiting a mouthful or less then a mouthful unintentionally 7.To eat or drink deliberately after eating and drinking accidently 8.To have intimate relationship intentionally after having if accidently 9.To smoke or to inhale second hand smoke 10.To brake the fast due to intense hunger or thirst 11.To eat something stuck between ones teeth that is the size of a chickpea or larger 12.To break the fast before sunset while assuming the sun has set

7. Things that do not break the fast: 1. To eat, drink or have intimate relationship forgetfully 2. To vomit unintentionally or vomit less than a mouth full deliberately 3. To gather saliva in the mouth and swallow it 4. To take injection or give a blood test 5. Applying surma (kuhl) to the eye 6. Applying oil to the body or hair 7. Having water enter the ear holes while taking a bath or shower 8. Cleaning the ears out with a Q-Tip 9. To swallow something stuck between the teeth that is smaller then a chickpea

8. Types of Fasting: 1.Fardh: Specific- (Ramadan) : Not Specific- (Making up fast of Ramadan) 2. Wajib: Specific- (If I win in the Stock-market game I will fast on Monday) : Not Specific- (If I win I will fast) 3. Sunnah: (fasting at least 3 days a month) 4. Mustahab: (Fasting Monday’s and Thursday’s) 5. Disliked: (Friday’s) 6. Prohibited: (Prohibited on Eid Days) Disliked: (a) Affects the physical form of fasting. Anything coming to your internal stomach or mind. (b) Affects spiritual form of fasting (e.g. Movies)

9. I’Tikaaf (retreat) I’tikaaf means to enter the masjid with the intention of remaining therein (in worship) M’utakif: One who makes I’tikaf. Wajib: To vow or pledge to make I’tikaaf (on a fixed day) Types of I’tikaaf (retreat) Sunna Mu’akkada: To reside the last 10 nights and days of Ramadan in the Masjid (Mosque) is Sunnah Muakkadah ‘ala kifaya Mustahab or Nafl: This I’tikaaf can be for any amount of time, even for a few minutes. NOTE: No fast is conditional for Mustahab or Nafl I’tikaaf.

10. Conditions of I’tikaaf: IIslam SSanity TTahara IIntention IIt is makruh to remain silent intending to be a form of worship. AA woman’s I’tikaaf in in her area of prayer and ‘ibada (musallah) in her home. NOTE: Middle of the house is better then front part, and the back is better then the middle.