1. SPHERES REVIEW Quiz Tomorrow!!

2. STANDARD 1 I CAN DESCRIBE THE SPHERES OF EARTH (HYDROSPHERE, BIOSPHERE, GEOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERE) AND HOW HUMANS INFLUENCE EACH SPHERE AT THE LOCAL AND GLOBAL LEVEL.

3. ATMOSPHERE  Defined: Thin layer of gases that surround Earth. Seals and protects Earth.  Layers (from outer space down) & Temp.  Ionosphere / Thermosphere – increasingly hotter  Mesosphere – Cools  Stratosphere – warms (has ozone layer)  Troposphere – cools  Composition  Nitrogen (N 2 )  Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )  Oxygen (O 2 )  Interactions…

4. BIOSPHERE  Defined: The part of the Earth’s crust, water & atmosphere that supports life, and the actual life forms.  Interacts with ALL other spheres.  Levels & Composition:  Atmosphere contains bacteria, insects, birds  Geosphere provides nutrients and support for plants. Worms & other invertebrates, bacteria and small mammals live in the upper crust.  Hydrosphere contains fish, bacteria, sharks, whales, sea weeds, coral reefs

5. BIOSPHERE  Temperature: Anything that supports life.  Generally 0 C through -45 C  INTERACTIONS….

6. GEOSPHERE  Defined: Solid portion of Earth (below us). Includes rocks, minerals and landforms.  We discussed the liquid part too.  Interaction LayerSizeTemp Crust5-40+ km-15 C Mantle2,900 km1,000 C Outer Core2,300 km3,600 C Inner Core1,200 km4,200 C

7. HYDROSPHERE  Defined: The liquid water component of Earth.  Levels: Lakes, seas, ponds, rivers  Composition: saltwater, freshwater  Consider ice and water vapor  Temperature: 0 C – 100 C  Interactions…?

8. HYDROSPHERE ranges from 0°C to 100°C What sphere is this?

9. temperature ranges from about 20°C to - 90°C, with the most distant layer becoming hard to measure What sphere is this?

10. temperature ranges must support life ~0°C - 45°C (some rare cases are lower and some are higher) What sphere is this?

11. temperature ranges from 15°C to ~4000°C What sphere is this?

12. composed of exo-, thermo-, strato-, tropho-, and mesosphere What sphere is this?

13. includes frogs, birds, and bacteria What sphere is this?

14. composed of gases (mainly O 2, CO 2 and N 2 ) What sphere is this?

15. composed of solid, liquid, and gas forms of water What sphere is this?

16. GEOSPHERE contains the of mantle and crust What sphere is this?

17. composed of all living things What sphere is this?

18. contains solid and liquid minerals, including metals What sphere is this?

19. water What sphere is this?

20. land What sphere is this?

21. air What sphere is this?

22. life What sphere is this?

23. Geosphere and atmosphere How do these spheres interact? Describe a local and global interaction

24. LOCAL - CORN AND SOY (WHICH ARE ALIVE AND THEREFORE PART OF THE BIOSPHERE) PRODUCE OXYGEN THAT IS RELEASED INTO THE AIR ABOVE ILLINOIS (ATMOSPHERE) GLOBAL – HUMANS IN THE BIOSPHERE AROUND THE WORLD RELEASE AIR POLLUTION INTO THE ATMOSPHERE Biosphere and atmosphere How do these spheres interact? Describe a local and global interaction

25. Hydrosphere and atmosphere How do these spheres interact? Describe a local and global interaction

26. Geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere How do these spheres interact? Describe a local and global interaction

27. FLOODS, EARTHQUAKES, TSUNAMIS, HURRICANES List the types of natural disasters from the Top 10 list.

28. EARTHQUAKES Which natural disaster occurred the most frequently on the TOP 10 list?

29. TORNADOES, BLIZZARDS, MUDSLIDES, VOLCANOES What other natural disasters did not make the TOP 10 list?

30. How do tsunamis affect the biosphere at a local and global level?

31. How do earthquakes affect the biosphere at a local and global level?

32. How do floods affect the biosphere at a local and global level?

33. Which sphere(s) are involved in creating earthquakes? Describe how you know.

34. Which sphere(s) are involved in creating tsunamis? Describe how you know.

35.  Which layers of the atmosphere increase in temperature? Stratosphere Thermosphere

36.  Why do the stratosphere and thermosphere increase in temperature? Stratosphere – Ozone layer traps heat from sun Thermosphere – Closest to the sun, ions are warmed by solar radiation

37.  Why do the troposphere and mesosphere decrease in temperature? Molecules space out more as you get farther away from Earth. More space = less collisions to generate heat.

38.  What is the name of the boundary that separates the troposphere and the stratosphere? Tropopause

39.  How does the ozone layer affect life on Earth? * Keeps Earth warm * Blocks harmful radiation