1. Physiological Ecology Homeostasis: maintenance of a relatively stable internal state under a much wider range of external environmental conditions. Temperature regulation (thermoregulation) Physiological Optima and Tolerance Curves Tolerance limits, optima Net benefit Acclimation Lecture # 11 1 October 2015

2. Energetics of Metabolism and Movement Ingestion = Assimilation + Egestion Assimilation = Productivity + Respiration Productivity = Growth + Reproduction Ingestion = Egestion + {Respiration + Growth + Reproduction} {Assimilation} ------------------------------------------------ Homeotherm versus Poikilotherm Endotherm versus Ectotherm

3. Body Mass, grams

5. Log,

6. Rabbits Moose Beaver Squirrels Racoon

7. Metabolic Cost of Movement Log,

8. Metabolic Cost of Movement Log,

9. Metabolic Cost of Movement Log,

10. Adaptation and Deterioration of Environment Non-directed (random) changes in either A or B are equally likely to reduce the level of adaptation (d ) when small, but as the magnitude of undirected change increases, the probability of improvement diminishes. Duality of Fisher ’ s model (A and B can be interchanged) Ronald A. Fisher

11. Water Economy in Desert Organisms Other Limiting Materials Sensory Capacities and Environmental Cues Adaptive Suites Design Constraints

12. Heat Budgets and Thermal Ecology

13. Thermoconformers

14. Passive thermoconformer Nephrurus levis

15. Active Thermoregulator Ctenophorus isolepis

16. Active Thermoregulator Ctenophorus isolepis Thermoconformer

17. Ctenotus skinks

18. Ctenotus leae Ctenotus piankai