1. Moisture A. The Water Cycle precipitation condensation evaporation
transpiration
absorption
runoff
infiltration

2. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Slope of the Land –

3. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Degree of Saturation

4. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Porosity
Shape

5. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Porosity
Packing

6. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Porosity
Sorting

7. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Permeability

8. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Capillarity

9. Factors that Affect Infiltration
Vegetation / Land Use

10. Factors Affecting Runoff
Rate of Precipitation

11. Factors Affecting Runoff
Pore Space

12. Factors Affecting Runoff
Slope of the Land

13. Climate

14. What is climate? Climate is… Long term weather Composite weather
Average weather
Pg. 1

15. Temperature Factors
Latitude:
Average yearly temperature:
(1)
Pg. 1

16. (2) As latitude _________ average yearly temperature____________.
increases
(2) As latitude _________ average yearly temperature____________.
decreases
(3)
Average Yearly Temp.
O° LAT °
Pg. 1

17. b. Yearly temperature range: (1) Northern Hemisphere
warm
cold
Indirect Rays
Short Daylight Period
More Direct Rays
Long Daylight Period

18. Low
Mid
High

19. (3) As latitude _________ yearly temperature range ____________.
increases
increases
(4)
Yearly Temp. Range
O° LAT °

20. c. Average Yearly Temperature vs. Yearly Temperature Range
Location
Average Yearly Temperature
Yearly Temperature Range
Valdivia, Chile
53°F
16°F(from 46°F to 62°F)
Perking, China
55°F(from 24°F to 79°F)

21. 2. Altitude:
Low
High
Pg. 2

22. b. As altitude _________, average yearly temperature ____________.
increases
decreases c.
Average Yearly Temp.
Altitude
Pg. 3

23. Ocean Currents
a. Ocean currents may make the climate of a costal region warmer or colder than normal for its latitude.
Pg. 3

24. The west coast of North America is__________ than normal.
b. Warmer or Colder?
Due to ocean currents, the east coast of North America is__________ than normal.
The west coast of North America is__________ than normal.
The east coast of South America is__________ than normal.
The west coast of South America is__________ than normal.
warmer
cooler
warmer
cooler
The west coast of Africa and Europe is __________ than normal.
The northwestern Europe( Iceland, Great Britain, and Scandinavia) is__________ than normal.
cooler
warmer

25. Marine vs. Continental
Sea of land locations affect temperature ranges. Since land gains and loses heat much more quickly than water, land areas tend to have_______ summers and_______ winters. Costal areas near the ocean have cooler summers and milder/warmer winters.
Coastal areas have marine climates with a _____ yearly temperature range. Continental interiors (land areas) have continental climates with a ______ yearly temperature range.
Pg. 4
cooler
warmer
small
larger

26. Pg. 4 b.
(1) Location X: ____________ climate;_________ yearly temperature range.
(2) Location Y: ______________ climate; ________ yearly temperature range.
continental
greater
marine
smaller

27. Rainfall Factors Latitude
Pg. 5
Latitude
a. Uneven heating of the Earth produces global wind belts and pressure belts. These “pressure belts” determine the wetness or dryness of a particular location. Low pressure regions occur where air is rising. As air rises, it expands and cools, which causes condensation and precipitation to occur. Thus low pressure regions are areas of rainfall (wetness), and high pressure regions are areas that lack rainfall (dryness).

28. (1) What latitudes are areas of rainfall/wetness? b.
(1) What latitudes are areas of rainfall/wetness?
(2) What latitudes are areas that lack rainfall/dryness?
Pg. 4
0° (equator), 60° North and South
30° North and South (horse latitudes), 90° North and South

29. Mountains – The Orographic Effect a.
condensation
precipitation
cools
sinks
expands
compresses
warms
rises
Pg. 6

30. Pg. 6
b. Windward vs. Leeward
(1) Rainfall occurs on the __________side of the mountain where the air is__________.
(2) It is dry on the__________ side of the mountain where the air is __________.
windward
rising
leeward
sinking