1. بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم
Course :
Health Safety & Radiation Protection (RAD 453)
Chapter 0 : General Introduction
Omrane KADRI, Ph.D.
Office 2021

2. Outline
Evaluation & Assessment Method
Oral Presentation
Practical Report
Goal of the Course
What we will cover ?
References & useful web links

3. 1) Evaluation & Assessment Method
Students are assessed as follows:
1st mid term exam
15 marks
2nd mid term exam
Practical report
10 marks
Oral Presentation
Weekly Assessment (5 Quizzes)
Final exam
40 marks
Total
100 marks

4. 1) Evaluation & Assessment Method
Guidelines…
1st, 2nd and final exam questions can be:
Meaning of useful acronym (ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achievable)
Figure or curve interpretation
Application of some lows (inverse square low for the activity)
Similar question from past quizzes
Quizzes (100 % MCQ)
1st & 2nd mid-term (70 % MCQ + 30 % writing)
Final exam (30 % MCQ + 70 % writing)
Weekly Assessment:
Covers the last lecture contents ( 15 minutes)
Important:
All lecture slides will be send to the group leader after this lecture
Student should stop the teacher, at any time, for comprehension purposes
No repetition to any exam or quiz without Legitimate excuse

5. 2) Oral presentations in this course
can be chosen from the following topics…
Ionizing & Non-Ionizing radiation biological effects.
Interaction of X-Ray with matter physics.
Early and late biological effects of ionizing radiation.
Overview of the cell structure (components, function, division, and cycle).
Dose limits for ionizing radiation exposure and regulation authorities .
Methods applied to protect Patient against Radiation.
Methods applied to protect Technologist against Radiation.
Patient radiation exposure management during diagnostic x-ray.
Radiation monitoring devices and survey instruments.
How equipment is designed to ensure radiation protection.
How to convince patient that radiation diagnostic is safe?
How to convince patient that radiation treatment is safe?
Health Safety

6. 2) Oral presentations in this course
Guidelines…
PowerPoint slides:
No more than 10 slides
Cover page should contain the student name
Slides should investigate the proposed subject clearly
Last page should contains the references used
Send your file saved as: RAD453-Oral-XX.ppt (XX: student serial number) to my
Presentations will be held after the last lecture (10th Lect.):
10 minutes for exhibition
Score:
Scientific content  5 marks
Speech + Questions  5 marks
Important:
Don’t write anything you don’t know
You can use figures, curves, photos,… for explanation

7. ALARA principles demonstration: Distance effect Time effect
3) Practical Report
Concern the following topic …
ALARA principles demonstration:
Distance effect
Time effect
Shielding effect
Other ….
If going to hospital (King Fahd Medical City: KFMC)

8. 3) Practical Report Guidelines… Microsoft word document:
No more than 10 pages
Cover page should contain the student name
Start with a brief description of where and what you see during the visit
Explain, in details, any experiments carried out
Send your file saved as: RAD453-Report-XX.doc (XX: student serial number) to my
Important:
Don’t write anything you don’t know
You should use figures, curves, photos,… for explanation
Consult Mr. Imed to arrange when going to hospital

9. 4) The Goal of the Course
This course will provide students with knowledge of the processes (physical & biological) which occur as a result of interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. The fundamentals of radiation protection for personnel, patients and public will be discussed also.
We also want to learn the basic knowledge to bring about condition free from risk of injury or threat to our health and well-being

10. Fundamental Radiation Concepts Radiation Instrumentation
5) What we will cover?
Chapters …
Fundamental Radiation Concepts
Radiation Instrumentation
Sources of Radiation
Effects of Radiation
External Radiation Protection
Internal Radiation Protection
BSS & International Regulations
Radioisotope Lab Techniques
Risk Assessment & Lab Rules
Basic Health & Safety
1st Mid-Term Exam
Quiz
2nd Mid-Term Exam
Final Exam

11. Ch.1: Fundamental Radiation Concepts
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of radiation concepts
The Radioactive Atom
Radioactive Decay Modes
The Radioactive Decay Equation
Radioactivity Units
Interactions of Radiations with Matter
Radiation Units

12. Ch.2: Radiation Instrumentation
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of instruments available and how they are used
Introduction
Ionisation in gases (Ion Chamber, Geiger-Muller Tube)
Ionisation in solids (NaI, Liquid scintillation counter, Semiconductor)
Personnel monitoring (TLD, OSL, Film Badge, PRD)
Suitability Monitoring
 Quiz N01

13. Ch.3: Sources of Radiation
Goal: Provide the student with information concerning the source type of radiation exposure
Introduction
Natural Background Radiation
Man-Made radiation sources
Source of exposure
How radiation is used
Brief summary
 Quiz N0 2

14. Ch.4: Effects of Radiation
Goal: Provide the student with information concerning the effects and limits of radiation exposure
Introduction
Effect of Radiation on atom and molecules
Effect of Radiation on biological molecules
Effect of Radiation on cells
 First Mid-Term Exam

15. Ch.5: External Radiation Protection
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of (biological) hazard arising from the immersion of a body in a radiation field
ICRP’s Three Types of Exposure
Basic Principals of Radiation Protection
Protecting against external radiation:
Methods of protection (ALARA principles)
Access Control
Personnel Monitoring

16. Ch.6: Internal Radiation Protection
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of (biological) hazard arising from inhalation, ingestion or injection of radioactivity
Methods of Entry
Internal Exposure Limits
Internal Exposure Monitoring
Radioactive Waste
Internal Radiation Protection Methodologies
Guidelines
 Quiz N0 3

17. Ch.7: BSS & International Regulations
Goal: To become aware of the ICRP’s conceptual framework and the International Basic Safety Standards requirement (BSS) and related Safety Guides in radiation protection in medical field.
National Regulatory Authority
Main International Institutions involved in Regulatory aspects
The Basic Safety Standards
What is the BSS?
What is the ICRP?
What is the UNSCEAR?
 Quiz N0 4

18. Ch.8: Radioisotope Lab Techniques
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of the work environment, methods of protection, equipment, and procedures for decontamination
Protective Clothing
The Workplace
Manipulations of Radioactive Materials
Radioactive Material Spills ( Minor and Major Spills)
Radioactive Waste Disposal
Radioactive Contamination Survey & Limits
Control Measures for Radioactive Contamination
Radiation Survey & Limits
Control Measures for Radiation Levels
 Second Mid-Term Exam

19. Ch.9: Risk Assessment & Lab Rules
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge on the process of quantifying the probability of a harmful effect to individuals from certain human activities
Health & Safety at work
Five steps for risk assessment
General Lab rules
Chemical Hazards
Physical Hazards
Emergency Response

20. Ch.10: Basic Health & Safety
Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge on conditions free from risk of injury or threat to our health and well-being
Introduction
Accident Prevention
Workplace Safety
Occupational Health
 Quiz N05

21. Oral Presentation
Practical Report
Final Exam

22. 6) References & Useful web links
M. A. S. Sherer et al. “Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography”, Fifth Edition, Mosby Elsevier, 2006
James E. Martin “Physics for Radiation Protection ”, Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition, 2000.
James E. Martin and Chul Lee “ Principles of Radiological Health and Safety”, Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition, 2002.

23. Is there any Question?