1. Psychological Disorders Are you mentally ill?

3. How do we classify psychological disorders? Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Used to identify psychological disorders Used to identify psychological disorders Does not explain causes Does not explain causes

4. What is the effect of labeling psychological disorders? It biases your perception of the patient’s behavior It biases your perception of the patient’s behavior After you know the diagnosis (label) even normal behavior is seen as a symptom of that diagnosis. After you know the diagnosis (label) even normal behavior is seen as a symptom of that diagnosis.

5. What are anxiety disorders?

6. What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder? Vague expectation that something bad will happen. Vague expectation that something bad will happen. Unfocused, out-of-control negative feelings. Unfocused, out-of-control negative feelings.

7. What is panic disorder? Panic attack Panic attack Agoraphobia - fear of situations you can not escape if a panic attack occurs. Agoraphobia - fear of situations you can not escape if a panic attack occurs.

8. What are phobias? An irrational fear of something An irrational fear of something E.g. Arachnophobia - fear of spiders E.g. Arachnophobia - fear of spiders Social phobia - fear of social situations Social phobia - fear of social situations (Shyness taken to an extreme) (Shyness taken to an extreme)

9. What are obsessive - compulsive disorders? Obsessive = thoughts Obsessive = thoughts Thoughts that won’t go away Thoughts that won’t go away Compulsive = behavior Compulsive = behavior Checking a locked door Checking a locked door Straightening books or fringe on a carpet Straightening books or fringe on a carpet Hand washing Hand washing Flashing Flashing

10. What is PTSD? Post-traumatic stress disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder Causes: Causes: War War Trauma Trauma Rape Rape Effects (symptoms) Effects (symptoms) Nightmares Nightmares Flashbacks Flashbacks Social withdrawal Social withdrawal Anxiety Anxiety Insomnia (trouble sleeping) Insomnia (trouble sleeping)

11. Do you remember? What does the DSM do and not do? What does the DSM do and not do? How can you recognize a panic attack? How can you recognize a panic attack? What are examples of phobias? What are examples of phobias? What is the difference between an obsession and a compulsion? What is the difference between an obsession and a compulsion? What are the causes and symptoms of PTSD? What are the causes and symptoms of PTSD?

12. What are mood disorders? Depression Depression The “common cold” of psychological disorders The “common cold” of psychological disorders Main reason people seek mental health services Main reason people seek mental health services Symptoms Symptoms Low energy Low energy Low self-esteem Low self-esteem Never happy Never happy

13. What is bipolar Disorder? Depression to manic episodes Depression to manic episodes Alternating between hopelessness and unrestrained optimism & overexcitement. Alternating between hopelessness and unrestrained optimism & overexcitement.

14. What is schizophrenia? “Split mind” “Split mind” Disorganized speech and thought Disorganized speech and thought Word salad Word salad Flight of ideas Flight of ideas Inappropriate emotions & actions Inappropriate emotions & actions Delusions (“I am God”) Delusions (“I am God”) Hallucinations (see or hear things) Hallucinations (see or hear things) False beliefs (Someone is poisoning me) False beliefs (Someone is poisoning me)

15. Types of Schizophrenia Paranoid Paranoid Themes of persecution Themes of persecution “The Russians are after me.” “The Russians are after me.” Disorganized Disorganized Disorganized speech Disorganized speech Flat or inappropriate emotion Flat or inappropriate emotion

16. Types of schizophrenia (cont.) Catatonic Catatonic Motionless - for long periods of time Motionless - for long periods of time Parrot like repeating of another’s speech Parrot like repeating of another’s speech

17. Types of Schizophrenia (cont.) Undifferentiated Undifferentiated Many different symptoms as discussed before. Many different symptoms as discussed before. Progress of schizophrenia

18. Do you remember? What are symptoms of depression? What are symptoms of depression? What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder? What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder? What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations? What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations? Speaking unrelated words and phrases could be a symptom of what? Speaking unrelated words and phrases could be a symptom of what? What is the main symptom of catatonic schizophrenia? What is the main symptom of catatonic schizophrenia?

19. What are some other types of disorders? Dissociative disorder Dissociative disorder Personality disorder Personality disorder

20. What are dissociative disorders? Conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings. Conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts and feelings.

21. Dissociative identity disorder (Multiple personalities) Two or more distinct identities that control their behavior. Two or more distinct identities that control their behavior. Each person has its own voice and mannerisms. Each person has its own voice and mannerisms. One personality is usually unaware of the others. One personality is usually unaware of the others.

22. What is personality disorder? Antisocial personality disorder Antisocial personality disorder Formally called sociopath or psychopath Formally called sociopath or psychopath No conscience or guilt feelings - (e.g. serial killer) No conscience or guilt feelings - (e.g. serial killer)

23. Do you remember? Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (same person) would be classified as what? Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (same person) would be classified as what? Ted Bundy (serial killer without guilt) could be classified as what? Ted Bundy (serial killer without guilt) could be classified as what?