2. Listening Activity 1 p.42 1. To find out whether they can reduce air travel costs by using budget airlines and if so, how to proceed. 2. The options are: to take on a part-time employee, to have staff book their own flights, or to outsource the function. 3. The best solution is to employ a part-timer. 4. The presenter recommends that the ideal candidate either has Internet experience or has previously worked for a travel agent. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

3. CONCLUSION OF A PRESENTATION Act. 2 p.43 Signalling the end of the presentation -Well, this brings me to the end of my presentation. (6) -Thank you all for listening. (a) -OK, I think that’s everything I wanted to say... (e) -As a final point, I’d like to... (h) -I’m now nearing the end of my talk... (i) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

4. Summarising the main points -I’ll just run through the three different options. (1) -Before I stop, let me go through my main points again. (5) -To sum up then, we... (d) -I’d like to run through my main points again... (g) -Just to summarize the main oin points of my talk... (j) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

5. Recommending or suggesting something -We’d suggest... (2) -We’d therefore recommend that we... (4) -In my opinion, we should... (b) -What I’d like to suggest is... (k) Inviting questions -Now, I’ll be happy to answer any questions you may have. (3) -We just have time for a few questions. (c) -Are there any questions? (f) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

6. Listening Act. 6 p.45 Listen to four conclusions and say which tehnique is used in which presentation (1-4): TechniquePresentation Call to action4 Story1 Question2 Quotation3 CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

7. EFFECTIVE CONCLUSIONS: Using questions: -After all, isn’t that why we’re here? -Let me just finish with a question: If we don’t do it, won’t somebody else? Quoting a well-known person: -As... once said... -To quote a well-known businessman,... -To put it in the word of...,... CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

8. Referring back to the beginning: -Remember what I said at the beginning of my talk today? Well,... -Let me just go back to the story I told you earlier. Remember... Calling the audience to action: -So that’s the plan. Now let’s go and put it into practice! -So, now it’s your turn. -Now, let’s make a real effort to achieve this goal! CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

9. Act. 7 p.46 Match the two parts to make final statements from conclusions. 1.f 2.b 3.e 4.g 5.c 6.a 7.d CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

10. USING YOUR VOICE EFFECTIVELY You can use your voice and the way you stress words or make pauses in sentences to make your presentation more interesting and easier for the audience to follow. There are two ways to use your voice effectively: 1. Stressing words: By emphasizing a particular words or parts of words, you can create certain effects. (See the differences in meaning) Ex. We all know that this is an extremely difficult market. We all know that this is an extremely difficult market. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

11. 2. Making pauses You can use pauses to slow your pace down and make your sentences easier to understand. Group words into phrases according to their meaning and make pauses between the phrases. (See the differences) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT

12. Ex.1 In my opinion we should go into other markets. In my opinion//we should go//into other markets. Ex.2 On the other hand, the figures prove that we are on the right track. On the other hand,//the figures prove//that we are on the right track. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES- ENGLISH UNIT