1. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Digital Broadcasting Network Design and Analysis 2011. 05. 23 ITU-AIBD-ABU Regional workshop 22-23 May 2011 – Hanoi Pascal GELUGNE - Managing Director ATDI South Pacific pgelugne@atdi.com

2. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Agenda Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Planning the migration: the coverage aspects - Planning standards and requirements - The simulation parameters - The “same” coverage objective Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects - MFN network planning - SFN network planning - The Digital dividend - Compatibility between services International coordination - Coverage outside borders - Working with the ITU

3. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology What digital system to select ? (DVB-T, DVB-T2, DVB-S, DVB-H, ISDB-T, T-DMB …) o What is the targeted market ?  Replacement for Analogue  Outdoor or Indoor Rx antennas ?  Mobile users ? o What are the technologies performances ? Selection process

4. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Technical investigations: Using the power of a planning tool Technical investigations: Using the power of a planning tool ISDB-T vs DVB-T2 at equivalent payload: o Simulation using ICS telecom, 25m cartographic data and a deterministic model o DVB-T2 has a 30.9% coverage increase in this example o At equal coverage it would mean an economy of 4 times the Tx power

5. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Technical investigations: Validating the Tx modes o What compression standard ? o Set the transmission standards (Carrier mode, Guard interval, modulation, code rate) o Set the reception parameters (Outdoor/Indoor, receiving threshold standard) Source: ETSI TR 101 190

6. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Agenda Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Planning the migration: the coverage aspects - Planning standards and requirements - The simulation parameters - The “same” coverage objective Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects - MFN network planning - SFN network planning - The Digital dividend - Compatibility between services International coordination - Coverage outside borders - Working with the ITU

7. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Know your network parameters: general Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

8. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Know your network parameters: patterns The patterns can be easily imported from standard formats (NSMA, Planet©, excel©…). The azimut, tilt, polarization, XPD can be easily defined. Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

9. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Know your network parameters: parameters dedicated to the DVB signal Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

10. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com ICS telecom manages cartographic layers that are necessary for the propagation calculation and display. Digital cartographic data: medium resolution DTM ImageryClutterCensus data Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

11. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Which propagation model ? Planning purposes: Deterministic methods If a proper cartography is used (and it is less a problem to find it in many countries today), the simulation will be realistic. The simulation can also be compared to a measurement campaign for validation. – LOS – Diffraction (NLOS) – Subpath/Multipath attenuation (nLOS) Note that empirical methodologies are also available, but usually dedicated to cellular technologies. Regulation purposes These models are based upon propagation curves following very strict rules (frequency range, Rx antenna height…). They are NOT made to be accurate (and cannot be tuned), but can be used to exchange coordination contours whatever the planning tool and the cartographic data used. – ITU-R P.370 – ITU-R P.1546 Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

12. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Which propagation model ? ITU-R P.1546 for DVB planning ? – defined for an Rx antenna height of 10m: a height conversion factor used to used – to be used with effective antenna height that are not sensitive to cartography – cannot be tuned unless failing the ITU compliancy – limited in close range environment The 1546 is perfect for what is made for: coordination. It can be used whatever the tool and the cartography used, and the direct consequence is its lack of accuracy. Planning the migration: the coverage aspects Simulation parameters

13. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the coverage aspects The viewer of an analogue signal is ready to “tolerate” a reception that is not perfect. In digital, the switch point between “bad” and “good” is almost immediate. GradeDecription of the impairment 5Imperceptible 4Perceptible, but not annoying 3Slightly annoying 2Annoying 1Very annoying GradeDecription of the impairment 5Imperceptible 4Perceptible, but not annoying 3Slightly annoying 2Annoying 1Very annoying The same coverage objective

14. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com The coverage can be compared with a map of the collection districts, where the number of inhabitants is known. This analysis can be done: – in point mode (centroids) – in area mode linear distributed – in area mode distributed according to the clutter Planning the migration: the coverage aspects The same coverage objective Ensure that the digital service provides « same coverage » as the analogue service: Both services must be modelled in the planning tool considering: – The right frequency for each service – The right min required FSR for each service

15. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com DTV 60W ERP 54dBµV/m only Analogue 400W ERP 64dBµV/m only Reception of both signals The propagation model takes the suburban/urban attenation into account. The directivity of the Rx can be taken into account. Planning the migration: the coverage aspects

16. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Agenda Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Planning the migration: the coverage aspects - Planning standards and requirements - The simulation parameters - The “same” coverage objective Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects - MFN network planning - SFN network planning - The Digital dividend - Compatibility between services International coordination - Coverage outside borders - Working with the ITU

17. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com In order to provide coverage, two conditions must be respected: – Enough signal strength C should be provided – This signal must be a certain number of dB higher than the noise floor N of the Rx C/N ratio. Interference will generate a raise of the noise floor, and therefore a decrease of the C/N: C/N+I Digital broadcast can work in different spectrum modes: – Multiple frequency networks: MFN – Single frequency networks: SFN – A mixture of both: several SFNs working in MFN one with each other for instance Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects

18. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o Tx1 coverage only o Flat Earth

19. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o Tx1 coverage only o Terrain model

20. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o Tx1 coverage only o Terrain model o Clutter model

21. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o Tx2 coverage only o Terrain model o Clutter model

22. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o TX1 + Tx2 coverage o Terrain model o Clutter model o Non optimised SFN timings (-100 µ s)

23. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o TX1 + Tx2 coverage o Terrain model o Clutter model o Non optimised SFN timings (0 µ s)

24. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The SFN network planning o TX1 + Tx2 coverage o Terrain model o Clutter model o Optimised SFN timings (49 µ s)

25. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects The Digital dividend ATDI re-assigned Belgium DTV spectrum by : Calculating the coverage maps of the existing assignments Using the C/N+I ratio defined in the ITU Rec 1368 (DVB-T vs DVB-T…) 15dB Without using channels 56-69 (112MHz) = Digital Dividend Constraints for this work: All channels had to be re-assigned!!! The foreign neighboring countries were not taken into account.

26. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com The spectrum compatibility is checked by ensuring: - That the analogue network is not interfered by the introduction of the DVB network (using C/I DVB  Analogue protection ratios) - That the DVB network introduced is not interfered by the analogue network (using C/I Analogue  DVB protection ratios) Compatibility with existing services Interference calculation

27. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Compatibility with existing services Impact on existing services Radio-planning a compatibility requires the use of detailed protection from a service A into a service B, and from a service B into a service A. DTV wanted coverageDTV wanted coverage area once adjacent channel DAB transmitter is setup

28. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production Agenda Selecting a Digital Broadcasting Technology Planning the migration: the coverage aspects - Planning standards and requirements - The simulation parameters - The “same” coverage objective Planning the migration: the spectrum aspects - MFN network planning - SFN network planning - The Digital dividend - Compatibility between services International coordination - Coverage outside borders - Working with the ITU

29. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production International coordination Coverage outside borders Maximum value Station azimuth distance H1 (Wien) H1 (Geneva) Country 861268.0711908145.04153.27LAO 871268.9510902175.32180.53VTN Calculation of the coverage spill over the borders - According to international agreements - Automatic computation of the countries to be notified

30. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Cartographic Data Production International coordination Notification and coordination are never so simple International agreements Working with the ITU Regional agreements: FACSMAB …

31. ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com ATDI South Pacific Pty Ltd 79 Macarthur Street - Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia +61 (0)2 9213 2200 Fax +61 (0)2 9213 2299 email south-pacific@atdi.com Thank you! Cảm ơn ! ATDI South Pacific Pascal GELUGNE - Managing Director ATDI South Pacific pgelugne@atdi.com