1. The Water Emissions Inventory, a planning Support System aimed at reducing the pollution of water bodies Meeting on PS Inventory Guidance Copenhagen, september 16-17 th 2010 http://weiss.vmm.be weiss@vmm.be WEISS LIFE+ project

2. 2010LIFE presentation2 Contents Why an Emission Inventory project? What can WEISS do for you? Administrative Project description WEISS LIFE+ project

3. 2010LIFE presentation3 2000/60/EC Water Framework Directive Objectives Achieve good water quality in 2015 Reduce and ceasing or phasing out pollution Select Cost-efficient measures Why an emission inventory project ?

4. 2010LIFE presentation4 RBD Scheldt ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL Natural Waterbody’s (WB) RBD Scheldt ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL Artificial & strongly changed WB RBD Scheldt CHEMICAL STATUS Flemisch waterbody’s No monitoring results Conform Not conform

5. 2010LIFE presentation5 Data for (mandatory) reporting: Evaluation of the impact of human activity on the status of surface waters (WFD art 5) Collection and treatment of urban wastewater (UWWD) The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register regulation (E-PRTR)  Reporting by operators (art. 5)  Releases from diffuse sources (art. 9) Inventory on discharges, emissions, losses ( EQS Dir. art. 5) State of Environment (SoE) assessment of Europe’s water environment (SoE emissions) Why an emission inventory project ?

6. 2010LIFE presentation6 Two pillars Monitoring & modelling of pollutant concentrations: ‘state’ Identification and quantification of ‘pressures’  Pollutant emissions by source and their variation over time  Highlights problem areas  Identify significant sources  Evaluate the effectiveness of appropriate measures Why an emission inventory project ?

7. Functional scheme of WEISS

8. 2010LIFE presentation8 For a selected geographical area and at high spatial resolution (<= 1 ha) Determine the significant emission sources Simulate pathways of pollutants Generate maps (kg/ha.j)  gross emissions(prior to treatment)  net emission (after treatment) Support in mandatory reporting Analyse trends in emissions Generate data for input in water quality models Assist in policy making (‘What if’ scenario analysis) What can WEISS do for you?

9. 2008LIFE presentation9 Emission sourceLead emission (kg/year) UWWTP Population Industry Infrastructure Agriculture Erosion Tranport Significant sources of Lead Example

10. 2010LIFE presentation10 For a selected geographical area and at high spatial resolution (<= 1 ha) Determine the significant emission sources Simulate pathways of pollutants Generate maps (kg/ha.j)  gross emissions(prior to treatment)  net emission (after treatment) Support in mandatory reporting Analyse trends in emissions Generate data for input in water quality models Assist in policy making (‘What if’ scenario analysis) What can WEISS do for you?

11. 2008LIFE presentation11 Private drain Overflow Treated discharge Rainwater sewage Sewer system Source Paved and unpaved surfaces Not linked to Urban WWTP Urban WWTP Untreated discharge Water network and groundwater Rainwater sewage Not linked to Individual WWTP Individual WWTP air removal air soil groundwater Surface waters soil groundwater Generic Flow scheme WEISS Exemple : erosion EROSION Paved and unpaved surface Sewer system Treated discharge Urban WWTP

12. 2010LIFE presentation12 For a selected geographical area and at high spatial resolution (<= 1 ha) Determine the significant emission sources Simulate pathways of pollutants Generate maps (kg/ha.j)  gross emissions(prior to treatment)  net emission (after treatment) Support in mandatory reporting Analyse trends in emissions Generate data for input in water quality models Assist in policy making (‘What if’ scenario analysis) What can WEISS do for you?

13. 2008LIFE presentation13 Zn - 2005 Gross emission map Net emission map Emissions of zinc generated by the corrosion of building materials

14. 2010LIFE presentation14 For a selected geographical area and at high spatial resolution (<= 1 ha) Determine the significant emission sources Simulate pathways of pollutants Generate maps (kg/ha.j)  gross emissions(prior to treatment)  net emission (after treatment) Support in (mandatory) reporting Analyse trends in emissions Generate data for input in water quality models Assist in policy making (‘What if’ scenario analysis) What can WEISS do for you?

15. Flow scheme WEISS and E-PRTR reporting Transfer Release

16. Flow scheme WEISS and WISE-SoE Emissions D0 G7 NP1 NP4 NP3 I4 I3 NP5 NP4 U1 I4 U2 NP2 NP2 NP2 NP2 NP2 NP2 NP2 XX : point sources XX: difuse ( non-point) sources

17. 2010LIFE presentation17 For a selected geographical area and at high spatial resolution (<= 1 ha) Determine the significant emission sources Simulate pathways of pollutants Generate maps (kg/ha.j)  gross emissions(prior to treatment)  net emission (after treatment) Support in mandatory reporting Analyse trends in emissions Generate data for input in water quality models Assist in policy making (‘What if’ scenario analysis) What can WEISS do for you?

18. 2010LIFE presentation18 About LIFE+ Financial Instrument for the Environment Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 Co-financing projects in de domain of  Nature and Biodiversity  Environment Policy and Governance  Information and Communication Criteria  EU added value  Innovative and demonstration projects LIFE+(2007-2013) budget : €2.143billion Administrative Project description

19. 2010LIFE presentation19 Partners: VMM, VITO Timing: 3 years 12 actions Budget: Total project budget: 984.428 € Contribution EC:468.517 € Partners, timing and budget

20. 2010LIFE presentation20

21. 2010LIFE presentation21 Detailed geographical context

22. Action 6 Prototype implementation Action 8 Application, Calibration & validation Action 10 Communication Action 7 Data collection Action 9 Dissemination & training Action 5 Design & architecture Action 4 Specifications Action 3 EU workshop WEISS Set 1: Sources Set 2: Pathways Set 3: Accounting Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Loop 1 Loop 2 Loop 3 Case 1Case 2Case 3Case 4Case 5 Action 11 Project management Action 12 Project monitoring Action 2 Local workshop Action 1 Website X XX X X X X X X X XX X XX

23. Local stakeholders Policy makers, researchers, potential end-users active in the International River Basin District Scheldt International River Basin District Meuse European stakeholders Sister organisations of VMM in EU member states EU Directorate General Environment (DG E) European Environmental Agency (EEA) Stakeholders

24. Concept Preliminary Requirements Analysis Design of Architecture and System Core Develop a Version Deliver the Version Elicit End-user Feedback Incorporate End-user Feedback Deliver Final Version Action 2 to 4 Action 5 Action 9-10 Action 6 to 8 Development of WEISS Evolutionary Delivery Model Evaluating for the use in the own region Jul 2011 – sept 2012 Introduction to the prototype Nov 2012 Get feedback from potential users User requirement document Jun – nov 2010

25. 2010LIFE presentation25 Website: http://weiss.vmm.behttp://weiss.vmm.be Requirements document 3 prototypes -> final model Technical Documentation Training material WEISS LIFE+ outputs

26. Water Emission Inventory in Flanders -Belgium Experience and work in progress

27. 2010LIFE presentation27 Contents EIW MS excel/VBA model Application of GIS techniques : Case study for the Sector ‘Buildings’ Generic framework WEISS Water Emission Inventory in Flanders -Belgium

28. EIW MS excel/VBA model Functional scheme

29. Generic calculation for all sources Point and diffuse sources Stakeholder classification Calculation of the Gross Emission Value (GEV) Emission Factor (EF) X Emission Explanatory Variable (EEV) Accounting of the emissions in the different nodes of the material Flow Diagram EIW MS excel/VBA model

30. Sources

31. stofgroe p 19982002200520062007 BZVxxxx CZVxxxx Nxxxx Pxxxx Metalenxxxx PAK16xxx EIW MS excel/VBA model Pollutants

32. INVENTARISEREN : lijst van bronnen (EF, EVV) BEREKENEN TRANSPORTEREN EIW MS excel/VBA model flow scheme

33. Case Study : Emissions of heavy metals generated by the corrosion of building materials 2010LIFE presentation33 Application of GIS techniques

34. Zn - 2005 Gross emission map Net emission map

35. 1A. Spatial distribution of the building stock 1B. Generating gross emission maps 2. Transporting the emissions from source to sink 3. Accounting of the loads 2010LIFE presentation35 Application of GIS techniques

36. Step 1A: Spatial distribution of building stock Dasymetric mapping algorithm Census entities map Land use map Distribution of buildings (1 map per type) Terraced house25,4% Semi-detached house21,0% Detached house, farm or castle 33,3% Apartment building3,4% Commercial building3,8% Industrial building2,8% Shed, garage and other small building 5,9% Other building4,3%

37. 2010LIFE presentation37 Distribution of buildings (1 map per type) Gross emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) GEV (Gross Emission Values) Step 1A Step 1B: Generating gross emission maps

38. GEV – discharge of rainwater GEV – discharge of sanitary water (g/year)CuPbZn terraced house1,514,2425,60 semi-detached house1,654,1232,63 detached house, farm or castle2,434,1240,21 apartment building1,880,83200,77 commercial building2,524,2053,64 Industrial building024,52484,57 shed, garage and other small building incl. greenhouse00,549,55 other building7,840,93105,18 Antwerprest of Flanders (g/year)CuPbZnCuPbZn terraced house5,170,430,190,420,257,29 semi-detached house4,930,410,160,550,206,47 detached house, farm or castle4,620,380,110,720,135,33 apartment building4,800,400,140,720,135,36 commercial building5,220,440,200,400,267,39 Industrial building16,554,202,935,983,8620,54 shed, garage and other small building incl. greenhouse000000 other building32,087,205,689,145,9131,43 Gross Emission Values (GEV) 2010LIFE presentation38

39. Distribution of buildings (1 map per type) Gross emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) GEV Step 1B: Generating gross emission maps

40. Overflow in Zone A Metals per ‘No Sewerage’ Removal in UWWTP Accounting per flow in the Material Flow Scheme Metals per Zone B Metals per Zone C Metals per Zone A Net emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) Sewage Infrastructure map Water Treatment Areas map Gross emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink 2010LIFE presentation40

41. Source Paved and unpaved surfaces Water network and groundwater Overflow Treated discharge Rainwater sewage Sewer system Not linked to Urban WWTP Urban WWTP Untreated discharge Private drain Rainwater sewage Not linked to Individual WWTP Individual WWTP removal air soil groundwater Surface waters soil groundwater Zone A Zone B Zone C Possible pathways

42. Overflow in Zone A Metals per ‘No Sewerage’ Removal in UWWTP Accounting per flow in the Material Flow Scheme Metals per Zone B Metals per Zone C Metals per Zone A Net emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) Sewage Infrastructure map Water Treatment Areas map Gross emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink

43. Hydrological entities Administrative entities Net emissions (1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb) Municipality map Catchments of Flanders Any area Step 3: Accounting of the loads

44. Water bodies 2010LIFE presentation44

45. Spatial distribution of the source Transport routes Accounting Generic framework WEISS

46. Diffuse source: bottom-up approach Gross Emission Value (GEV) = Emission Factor (EF) X Emission Explanatory Variable (EEV) Diffuse source: bottom-up approach Gross Emission Value (GEV) = Emission Factor (EF) X Emission Explanatory Variable (EEV) Spatial distribution of the source Transport routes Accounting Point source: known (x,y) coordinates + measured emission values Point source: known (x,y) coordinates + measured emission values Sources

47. Private drain Overflow Treated discharge Rainwater sewage Sewer system Source Paved and unpaved surfaces Not linked to Urban WWTP Urban WWTP Untreated discharge Water network and groundwater Rainwater sewage Not linked to Individual WWTP Individual WWTP air removal air soil groundwater Surface waters soil groundwater Spatial distribution of the source Transport routes Accounting Material flow scheme

48. Private drain Overflow Treated discharge Rainwater sewage Sewer system Source Paved and unpaved surfaces Not linked to Urban WWTP Urban WWTP Untreated discharge Water network and groundwater Rainwater sewage Not linked to Individual WWTP Individual WWTP air removal air soil groundwater Surface waters soil groundwater Spatial distribution of the source Transport routes Accounting not explained corrosion surface Zn households wear of tyres hotels/restaurants food production textile leakage oil chemical industry health care/social service washing/chemical cleaning other sources not explained corrosion Zn surface wear of tyres households soil erosion metallurgy direct deposition chemical industry manure leakage oil food production other sources Accounting

49. Spatial distribution of the Source Surface sources Line & network sources Point sources Transport route from Source to Surface Water Sewage network Sewage treatment zones Treatment facilities Run-off at the earth surface Discharge in the surface waters Accounting for various Geographical entities Administrative entities Hydrologic entities Any other spatial entity Along water networks Groundwater SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SOURCE Point source  Point source Line source  Linear distribution  Proportional to link characteristics Surface source  Proportional distribution  Dasymetric mapping  Spatial interpolation  Overlay analysis  Spatial modelling SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SOURCE Point source  Point source Line source  Linear distribution  Proportional to link characteristics Surface source  Proportional distribution  Dasymetric mapping  Spatial interpolation  Overlay analysis  Spatial modelling Spatial distribution of the source Transport routes Accounting Conceptual framework

50. point source surface source sewage system direct discharge hydrologi- cal entities administra- tive entities sewage system direct discharge other pathways hydrologi- cal entities line source SPATIAL ALLOCATION SOURCEPATHWAYSACCOUNTING water networks ground- water surface source administra- tive entities other spatial entities point source hydrologi- cal entities sewage system direct discharge runoff other pathways

51. WEISS will generate a transparent inventory of all significant emissions, discharges and losses to water bodies caused by human activities; The WEISS will support authorities in their mandatory monitoring and reporting obligations regarding data emissions to the surface water WEISS briefly stated … (1) 2010LIFE presentation51

52. The project will integrate the data to be collected in the framework of these reporting tasks; Remaining knowledge gaps, with respect to pollutant types will be filled; Problems concerning appropriate spatial scales, temporal scales and emission thresholds enabling advanced analyses will be addressed. WEISS briefly stated … (2) 2010LIFE presentation52

53. WEISS does NOT:  Involve water quality modelling in the water bodies itself;  Model physical or chemical transformation of pollutants dissolved in water while transported;  Model seasonal variations in the emissions, their transport, and accounting. WEISS briefly stated … (3) 2010LIFE presentation53