1. The Respiratory System

2. 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8

3. Trachea / Wind pipe
Muscles
Lung
Bronchiole
Rib
Air sacs / Alveoli
Bronchus
Diaphragm

4. This is where gas exchange happens...
Alveoli / Air Sacs
This is where gas exchange happens...
Oxygen diffuses into the blood
Carbon dioxide diffuses out

5. Air Sacs This is where gas exchange happens.
Oxygen diffuses into the blood.
Carbon dioxide diffuses out.

6. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs
Oxygen diffuses into the blood
Carbon dioxide diffuses out
blood out
CO2
blood in O2

7. Why are alveoli so effective for gas exchange?

8. Alveoli
Alveoli are good at gas exchange because:
They have a large surface area
They have a good blood supply
Their lining is moist
They are very thin
This means a lot of diffusion can happen quickly!

9. Why do veins look blue? Why is blood red?
Haemoglobin, found in red blood cells, carries oxygen around the body.
Haemoglobin contains iron which looks bright red combined with oxygen.

10. Nice dissection video

11. What stops things getting into your lungs?

12. What stops things getting into your lungs?
Mucus and Cilia

13. Respiratory System Trachea and bronchi are lined with:
Rings of cartilage for support; prevents tubes closing
Mucus to trap dirt and germs
Cilia (tiny hairs) to sweep mucus out of the lungs

14. Model Lung

15. Breathing Breathing is not the same as respiration.
Respiration is a chemical reaction.
Breathing is the process of moving air in and out of the body.

16. Breathing When you breathe in what happens to... Your ribs?
Your diaphragm?
The volume of your lungs?

18. Breathing
Inhale: take air into lungs
Exhale: remove air from lungs

19. Lung Measurements

20. Lung Measurements
Tidal volume: the volume of air you move in and out of your lungs when breathing normally
Vital capacity: this is the maximum volume of air you can move out of your lungs
Peak flow: this is the maximum rate which you can force air out of your lungs

21. Tidal volume Vital capacity Peak flow
the maximum volume of air you can move out of your lungs
Tidal volume
the maximum rate which you can force air out of your lungs
Vital capacity
volume of air you move in and out of your lungs when breathing normally
Peak flow

22. How much air can your lungs hold?

23. How long can you hold your breath?
The man who can hold his breath for 10 minutes!

24. Tidal Volume
(normal breath)
Vital Capacity
(forced exhale)

25. 3800
200
7cm
19cm

26. What might a doctor use peak flow to test for?
Peak flow can be used to test for asthma.

27. What factors might affect lung measurements
What factors might affect lung measurements? What might cause someone to have a bigger or smaller vital capacity?

28. Size

29. Age

30. Sex

31. Fitness

32. Videos and Animations

33. http://www. ltscotland. org

34. Respiration

35. Alveoli

36. Mucus

37. Respiratory System

38. Gas Exchange

39. Air

40. Breathing

41. Alveoli

42. Respiratory System

43. Breathing