1. Dr. ANAND SRINIVASAN

2.  Contraction for  Locomotion and skeletal movement

3. Muscle VoluntaryInvoluntary

4. Muscle StriatedSkeletalCardiacSmooth

5.  Skeletal muscle  Striated and voluntary  Cardiac muscle  striated and involuntary  Smooth muscle  non striated and involuntary

6.  Muscle cells are elongated or tubular.  They have multiple nuclei  Nuclei flat & located on periphery of the cell.  Skeletal muscle is striated.  i.e. it has an alternating pattern of light and darks bands.

8.  The cells are not as long as skeletal muscles cells  Often are branched cells.  Nuclei are located centrally in the cell.  Cardiac muscle is also striated.  Cardiac muscle contains intercalated discs.

10.  Smooth muscle cell are spindle shaped.  They have a single centrally located nucleus.  They do not have visible striations

12.  24 year old  Base ball bowler  Where is the problem????

14.  Site where two or more bones articulate or come together JOINTS FIBROUSCARTILAGINOUSSYNOVIAL

15.  Linked by fibrous material  No movement – “Immovable joint”

17.  Tooth attached to mandible by  Periodontal ligament

18.  Tibia and Fibula attached by interosseous membrane

19.  Formed by fibrocartilage  Acts as a shock absorber

23.  CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES  Articular or hyaline cartilage  Capsule  Synovial membrane  Synovial fluid  OTHER  Fat pads or bursa  Menisci  Ligaments

27. SYNOVIAL JOINTS BALL & SOCKET HINGEGLIDINGPIVOTCONDYLOIDSADDLE

28.  One bone is ball shaped and articulates with cup shaped other bone  E.g.  Shoulder  Hip

29.  Like hinge on a door  Example :  Elbow  Knee  Ankle  Interphalangeal

30.  Articular surfaces flat  E.g.  Between carpal & tarsal bones

31.  Example :  Dens of axis rotating over Atlas

32.  Example :  Temporomandibular joint  Metacarpophalayngeal joint

33.  Like a man sitting on a saddle  E.g.  Trapezium & 1 st Metacarpal

34.  Anatomy & Physiology – Ross and Wilson