1. Chapter 11
Page
Motion

2. Distance and Displacement
Chapter 11 Section 1 Pg

3. Distance and Displacement
To describe_________ , you must state the direction the object is moving as well as how fast the object is moving. You must also tell its ________ at a certain time.

4. Choosing a Frame of Reference
________________: a system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another; it is the necessary ingredient of a description of motion
Must answer these 2 questions…
___ fast are you moving?
Which _____ should you choose?

5. Choosing a Frame of Reference
How fast are you moving?
Relative motion: movement in ________ to a frame of reference
Example: as a train moves past a platform, people standing on the platform will see those on the train speeding by. But when the people on the train look at one another, they don’t seem to be moving at all.

6. Choosing a Frame of Reference
Which frame should you choose?
Example: If on a train, looking at a treetop will help you see how fast you are moving relative to the ground. If you are walking on the train, then looking at a seat will help you see how fast you are moving relative to the train.

7. Measuring Distance Distance: the ______ of a path between two points.
SI unit of measure= meter (m)
For very long distances, _________ (km) is used
1 km = 1,000 m
Small distances, __________ (cm)

8. Measuring Displacements
______________ provides this information:
Distance is the length of the path between two points.
Displacement is the ________ from the starting point and the length of a straight line from the starting point to the ending point.
Displacement is sometimes used when giving directions.

9. Combining Displacements
Displacement is an example of a ______.
Vector: a quantity that has magnitude and direction
_________ can be size, length, or amount
Represented on a map by arrows
The length of the arrow shows the magnitude of the vector.
Vector _______ is the combining of vector magnitudes and directions. Add displacements using vector addition.

10. Combining Displacements
Displacement Along a Straight Line
When 2 displacements, represented by two vectors, have the _______ direction, you can _____ their magnitudes
When 2 displacements have the ________ direction, you can _________ their magnitudes

11. Combining Displacements
Displacement That Isn’t Along a Straight Path
When 2 or more displacement vectors have ________ directions, they may be combined by graphing.
See Figure 4 on page 331
______________: (vector in red) the vector sum of two or more vectors

12. Speed and Velocity
Chapter 11 Section 2
Page

13. Speed
_____: the ratio of the distance an object moves to the amount of time the object moves.
SI unit= meters per second (m/s)
However, choose units that make the most sense for the motion you are describing
2 ways to express the ______ of an object are average speed (computed for the entire duration of a trip) and instantaneous speed (measured at a particular instant)

14. Speed
Average Speed
____________, ν, is the total distance traveled, d, divided by the time, t, it takes to travel that ________

15. Math Practice
See page 333
Do #1-2

16. Speed Instantaneous Speed How ___ you are going at a particular moment
This is what your car’s speedometer gives you
____________ speed, ν, is the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time

17. Graphing Motion
To describe _______- a distance-time graph should be used
The _____ of a line on a distance-time graph is speed.
Slope of straight portions represent periods of constant speed
______ represent a gradual increase or decrease in speed
Steeper slope means a ______ speed
See page 334 in book

18. Velocity
Together, the speed and direction in which an object is moving are called ________
Velocity is a description of both speed and direction of motion.
Velocity is a ______.
Longer vector represents a faster speed
Shorter vector represents a slower speed
Uniform motion is another way of saying constant velocity
A ______ in velocity can be the result of a change in speed, a change in direction, or both

19. Combining Velocities Two or more velocities add by vector addition
See page 337, Figure 10 in book

20. Acceleration
Chapter 11 Section 3
Page

21. What is Acceleration? ____________: the rate at which velocity changes
Acceleration can be described as changes in speed, changes in direction, or changes in both
Acceleration is a ______

22. What is Acceleration? Changes in Speed
Acceleration is often used to describe situations in which the _____ of an object is ________.
Scientifically, acceleration applies to any change in an object’s _______. The change may be either and increase (positive) or a decrease (negative) in speed

23. What is Acceleration? See example in your book
Page 343 (2nd paragraph, also figure 12)
An example of acceleration due to a change in speed is __________
The movement of an object toward Earth solely because of _______.
Units are meters per second squared (m/s2)
Objects falling near Earth’s _______ accelerate downward at a rate of 9.8 m/s2

24. What is Acceleration? Changes in Direction
Acceleration may still occur when speed is __________.
Example: you experience acceleration when you ride your bicycle around a curve
Even if you have constant ______, change in direction means you are accelerating.

25. What is Acceleration? Changes in Speed and Direction
_______ is characterized by both changes in speed and direction at the ____ time
Think about a ride on a roller coaster…
Acceleration is
constantly ________
because of changes in
the speed and direction
of the cars on the roller
coaster.

26. What is Acceleration? Constant Acceleration
Constant Acceleration- a steady ______ in velocity
The velocity of an object moving in a _______ ______ changes at a constant rate when the object is experiencing constant acceleration

27. Calculating Acceleration
Acceleration for straight-line motion
a= change in velocity or
total time
Velocity ________: acceleration will be negative
Velocity increases: acceleration will be _______

28. Calculating Acceleration
See worked example on page 346
Work problems 1-4 on page 346

29. Graphs of Accelerated Motion
______ can be used to calculate acceleration
The slope of a speed-time graph is acceleration

30. Graphs of Accelerated Motion
Speed-Time Graphs
Constant _________ is represented on a speed-time graph by a straight line
Linear graph- displayed data form straight-line parts; the ______ is acceleration
See example graphs
Pg. 347

31. Graphs of Accelerated Motion
Distance-Time Graph
Accelerated motion is represented by a _____ line on a distance-time graph
(example: pg. 348)
Nonlinear graph- a curve connects the data points that are ______
Increasing slope = increasing ______

32. Instantaneous Acceleration
Acceleration is ______ constant
Motion is rarely in a straight line
Instantaneous __________ is how fast a velocity is changing at a specific instant.
Remember: acceleration involves a change in velocity or direction or _____

33. Works Cited
Frank, Wysession, & Yancopoulos. “Chapter 11 Motion.” Physical Concepts in Action. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, Print.