1. European Colonization of the Americas
Emphasis on the North American British Colonies

2. Colonies in the Americas
SPANISH
BRITISH
FRENCH
GOALS
Win converts to Christianity
Gain Land and Riches
God, Glory, and Gold
Commercial Ventures
Haven for persecuted religious groups
Permanent colonies
Fishing, fur trapping
GOVERNMENT
King exercises strict control through Council of the Indies and viceroys
Overseen by royal governors
Colonists enjoy large degree of self-government
At first, France paid little attention
Later, king (monarch) exercised control over justice and economy
RELIGION
Catholic Church influences colonial government
Missionaries seek converts to Christianity (Catholic)
Haven for religious persecution
City on a Hill
Missionaries sought converts to Christianity (Catholic)
Prohibited settling by Protestants
SLAVERY
Used Native Americans, then African slaves
Brutal
African slaves, especially on southern plantations
African slaves in the Caribbean colonies
INTERACTION WITH NATIVE AMERICANS
Conquered and destroyed native civilizations
Some early settlers helped by native Americans
Later settlers fought native Americans for land
Native Americans helped fur traders claim territory
Settlers married native American women

3. European Imperial Claims and Settlements in Eastern North America, 1565–1625

4. French & Spanish Occupation of North America, to 1750

5. Eastern North America in 1650

6. New Netherlands & New Sweden

7. The Caribbean Colonies, 1660

8. Ethnic Groups in Colonial America

9. New England Colonies Colony (Date founded) Leader Reasons founded
Massachusetts
Plymouth (1620)
Massachusetts Bay (1630)
William Bradford
Miles Standish
John Winthrop
Religious Freedom
New Hampshire (1622)
Ferdinando Gorges
John Mason
Profit from trading and fishing
Connecticut
Hartford (1636)
New Haven (1639)
Thomas Hooker
Religious and political freedom
Expand trade
Rhode Island (1636)
Roger Williams
Religious freedom (dissent)

10. Colonizing New England

11. New England Spreads Out

12. Settlement Patterns within New England Towns, 1630–1700

13. New England Colonies, 1650

14. The Dominion of New England, 1686-1689

15. Population Comparisons: New England vs. the Chesapeake

16. Southern Colonies Colony (Date founded) Leader Reasons founded
Virginia (1607)
John Smith
Trade and farming
Maryland (1632)
Lord Baltimore
Profit from land sales
Religious (Catholic) and political freedom
The Carolinas (1663)
North (1712)
South (1712)
Group of 8 proprietors
Religious freedom
Georgia (1732)
James Oglethorpe
Profit
Home for debtors
Buffer against Spanish Florida

17. page50.jpg
Map: Land Grants to the Virginia Company

18. River Plantations in Virginia, c. 1640

19. Chesapeake Expansion, 1607–1700

20. page60.jpg
Map: Early Virginia and Maryland

21. Power and Race in the Chesapeake: Enoch Pratt Free Library of Baltimore.

22. Settling the “Lower South”

23. 18th Century Southern Colonies

24. Middle Colonies Colony (Date founded) Leader Reasons founded
New York (1624)
Peter Minuit
Expand trade
Delaware (1638)
Swedish settlers
New Jersey (1664)
John Berkeley
George Carteret
Profit from land sales
Religious and political freedom
Pennsylvania (1682)
William Penn

25. European Colonization in the Middle and North Atlantic, c. 1650

26. Settling the Middle [or “Restoration”] Colonies

27. New York Manors & Land Grants
Dutch
(Holland, the Netherlands) “Patroonships”

28. Duke of York’s Original Charter

29. Britain’s American Empire, 1713