1. Specific Heat Capacity The specific heat capacity of a material is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the material by 1°C. Units J/kg°C.

2. Lesson Outcomes State the equation for specific heat capacity. GRADE D Use the equation for specific heat capacity to calculate energy transferred. GRADE C Explain what it means for a material to have a high specific heat capacity. GRADE B

3. At the end of a sunny day at the beach, you often notice that while the sand has become quite hot, the water has stayed cool. WHY???

4. WATERSAND SAME amount of HEAT ENERGY Small TEMPERATURE RISE Large TEMPERATURE RISE Putting the SAME AMOUNT OF HEAT ENERGY into some materials gives a BIGGER TEMPERATURE RISE than in other materials.

5. A higher heat capacity means a material is able to absorb and store more heat energy. Materials vary quite widely as to the amount of heat they can absorb for the same temperature rise. MaterialSpecific Heat Capacity Water4200 Cooking oil1200 Aluminium880 Copper380

6. E = mcθ energy transferred (J) mass (kg) specific heat capacity (J/kgºC) change in temperature (ºC)

7. E = mcθ m = c = θ =

8. A kettle contains 1.5kg of water at a temperature of 18ºC. How much energy is needed to bring the water to the boil? specific heat capacity of water is 4200J/kgºC

9. Water has a very high specific heat capacity – this is why it is used in radiators. The higher the specific heat capacity – the more energy the substance can store.

10. 50kJ of energy was transferred to a material with a mass of 5kg. The temperature increased from 20ºC to 60ºC. What is the specific heat capacity of the material?

11. Lesson Outcomes State the equation for specific heat capacity. GRADE D Use the equation for specific heat capacity to calculate energy transferred. GRADE C Explain what it means for a material to have a high specific heat capacity. GRADE B

13. SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITIES Air (typical room conditions)1012Lead129 Aluminium897Mercury139.5 Carbon dioxide839Methane2191 Chromium449Nitrogen1040 Copper385Neon1030.1 Diamond509.1Oxygen918 Ethanol2440Paraffin wax2500 Gasoline2220Polyethylene2302.7 Glass840 Gold129Silica703 Granite790Water at 100 °C (steam)2080 Graphite710Water at 25 °C4181.3 Helium5193.2Water at −10 °C (ice)2050 Hydrogen14300Zinc387 Iron450