1. Rapid-Fire Review of Yesterday!!! Rapid-fire means RAPID!! Come up & draw a question You’re the teacher! Call on someone (be FAIR!) – If they answer correctly/ completely (no cavemen) they get $$ & get to ask the next question – If they answer incorrectly or not completely, you pick someone else! If your victim answers correctly, they are off the hook & can’t be called on again!

2. Germany Russia’s France – August 3 rd - Germany declared war on Russia’s ally: France Germany Belgium FranceBritain Germany – Next day – Germany slices through neutral Belgium on the march to France, Britain declares war on Germany Britain Belgium Long before, Britain had formed an alliance with Belgium 1 2 3 To recap… KNOW THE MAP!

3. Trench Warfare Kaiser: German emperor Pickelhaube!! Means pickaxe + bonnet

4. Europeans on both sides of the conflict thought the war would be very short 1914-1918 instead—“The Great War” or WW1

5. Back Pocket Info… Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria & Ottoman (Turkish) Empire Allied Powers: France, Britain, Russia – Eventually, 21 other nations would join the Allies B Ottoman Empire (Turkey) How can YOU remember Central & Allied? FBR GABO

6. November 14 – stalemate: deadlock in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other takes place when Germany advances an Allied counterattack The two sides fought 3 years & created mazes of trenches protected by barbed wire

7. Soldiers spent day after day shelling enemy trenches – Trenches: shallow ditches or elaborate tunnels that served as headquarters & first-aid stations – Between the front-line trenches of each side = “no man’s land” of barbed wire

8. An attack begun with hours of heavy artillery fire from the back

9. Then groups charged (under orders from their officer) “over the top” of trenches OVER THE TOP, MENNNNNN!!!!!

10. Soldiers with rifles would race across no man’s land to attack the enemy

11. If lucky – they may overrun a few trenches

12. Before long enemy would launch a counterattack with similar results

13. Constant struggle lasted back & forth over a few hundred yards of territory

14. New weapon was gas: chlorine & mustard gasses Clouds floated into & flooded trenches, choking & blinding soldiers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTY7v1Q_vnc

15. Most offensives: trench battles were long & deadly – Battle of Verdun: lasted 10 months in 1916. Germans lost 400,000 men trying to overrun French lines & France lost even more – In the East, German & Austria-Hungarian armies faced off against Russia & Serbia

16. If there’s time….. WW1 footage of wind-chemical warfare & how it’d be used most efficiently http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22w1UVGv71M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22w1UVGv71M Discover Channel: Surviving the Cut, “U.S. Marine Recon” – Marines in training need to be able to pass certain tests… such as hiking with 200lb dummies & kit-bags uphill through tear gas! This simulates a successful ambush… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnwoImblCI0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnwoImblCI0

17. Germany Russia’s France – August 3 rd - Germany declared war on Russia’s ally: France Germany Belgium FranceBritain Germany – Next day – Germany slices through neutral Belgium on the march to France, Britain declares war on Germany Britain Belgium Long before, Britain had formed an alliance with Belgium 1 2 3

18. Trench Battle Time!!!!! Get a piece of scratch paper Don’t have one?... Ask your neighbor Write EITHER the number #1, #2 or #3 on your paper Keep it secret…keep it safe

19. When your general (me) yells “over the top”…launch your offensive & hold your trench! No faces!!!! Be careful not to cross into no man’s land!… When I sound the fallback alert pick up the “shell” that landed closest to you… only pick up 1! Keep it crumpled until everyone is seated…

20. FOR TOMORROW (do it now): Answer ONLY the question on the worksheet corresponding with the exact # “shell” that landed nearest to you that you picked up