1. Global Navigation Satellite Systems Progress through Cooperation 10 March 2009 Michael Shaw, Director U.S. National Coordination Office U.S. Chamber of Commerce

2. Chamber 03/09 GPS/GNSS - a Component of the Global Critical Information Infrastructure 2 Satellite Operations Satellite Operations Power Grids Personal Navigation Personal Navigation Communications Aviation Fishing & Boating Fishing & Boating Oil Exploration Trucking & Shipping Surveying & Mapping Precision Agriculture Disease Control

3. Chamber 03/09 Keys to the Global Success of GPS Program Stability and Performance Policy Stability and Transparency Private Sector Entrepreneurship and Investment 3

4. Chamber 03/09 GPS Program Status 31 Operating (healthy) satellites on orbit as of Feb 15 –GPS IIR(M): 3 Successful launches since Oct 07 2nd civil signal (L2C) and M-Code (L1M & L2M) –GPS IIF: Completed all functional/performance tests 3rd civil signal (L5) –GPS IIIA: Awarded to Lockheed Martin Space Systems, May 08 4th civil signal (L1C); Selective Availability removed from design Operational Control Segment (OCS) upgraded, Sep 07 –Alternate Master Control Station fully functional Next Generation Operational Control Segment (OCX) –Needed for GPS III satellites & full functionality of modernized signals –Awarded Phase A contracts to Northrop-Grumman and Raytheon, Nov 07 GPS Modernization: System-wide improvements in accuracy, availability, integrity, reliability and robustness against interference

5. Chamber 03/09 5 International Augmentations Differential GPS Networks International GNSS Service Global Differential GPS System Satellite-Based Augmentation Systems

6. Chamber 03/09 6 U.S. Policy Promotes Global Use of GPS/GNSS Technology No direct user fees for civil GPS services –Provided on a continuous, worldwide basis Open, public signal structures for all civil services –Promotes equal access for user equipment manufacturing, applications development, and value-added services Encourages open, market-driven competition Service improvements for civil, commercial, and scientific users worldwide Global compatibility and interoperability with GPS

7. Chamber 03/09 U.S. Objectives in Working with Other GNSS Service Providers Ensure compatibility ― ability of U.S. and non-U.S. space- based PNT services to be used separately or together without interfering with each individual service or signal –Radio frequency compatibility –Spectral separation between M-code and other GNSS signals Achieve interoperability ― ability of civil U.S. and non-U.S. space-based PNT services to be used together to provide the user better capabilities than would be achieved by relying solely on one service or signal –Primary focus on the common L1C and L5 signals Promote a level playing field in the global marketplace 7 U.S. pursuing through Public Sector Cooperation, both Bilateral and Multilateral

8. Chamber 03/09 8 Goal of Civil Interoperability Ideal interoperability provides users a PNT solution using signals from different GNSS systems –No additional receiver cost or complexity –No degradation in performance Interoperable = Better Together Than Separate

9. Chamber 03/09 9 International Public Sector Cooperation Bilateral to include –Europe –Russia –Japan –India –Others Multilateral –International Committee on GNSS –Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation –ICAO, IMO, and ITU

10. Chamber 03/09 10 U.S. - Europe Cooperation 2004 U.S.-EU agreement provides foundation for cooperation Four working groups were set up under the agreement: –Technical, trade and security issues working groups have met Improved new civil signal (MBOC) adopted in July 2007 First Plenary Meeting successfully held in October 2008 Oct. 22, 2008, EU-U.S. Plenary delegations meeting under the auspices of the GPS-Galileo Cooperation Agreement Signing ceremony for GPS-Galileo Cooperation Joint Statement, Oct. 23, 2008 (Michel Bosco, European Commission; Kenneth Hodgkins, U.S. Dept of State)

11. Chamber 03/09 11 U.S. Bilateral Cooperation U.S.-Japan Joint statement on GPS cooperation in 1998 –Established foundation for stable policy leading to Japan as a global leader in commercial GPS/GNSS markets –Japan’s Quasi Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) designed to be fully compatible and highly interoperable with GPS –U.S. working with Japan to set up QZSS monitoring stations in Hawaii and Guam in exchange for data access U.S.- Russia Joint Statement issued in Dec 2004 –Negotiations for a U.S.-Russia Agreement on satellite navigation cooperation underway since late 2005 –Considering new civil CDMA signals to be interoperable with GPS/Galileo U.S.- India Joint Statement on GNSS Cooperation in Feb 2007 –Important topic is ionospheric distortion/solutions to this phenomena –Technical Meeting focused on GPS-IRNSS compatibility and interoperability held in January and July 2008

12. Chamber 03/09 12 Multilateral Cooperation International Committee on GNSS Promotes GNSS use and integration into infrastructures, particularly in developing countries Encourages system compatibility and interoperability Membership: GNSS providers, international organizations and associations Providers Forum –United States, Europe, Russia, China, India, Japan –Focused discussions on compatibility, interoperability Next meeting: Sep 2009 in St. Petersburg, Russia

13. Chamber 03/09 Multilateral Cooperation Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Apr 28-29 – APEC Transportation Ministers meet in Manila –18 Feb invite extended to CEOs to participate; deadline 13 Mar –POC – Joe Traini – DOT – (202) 366-0603 Jun 2010 – U.S. to host APEC GNSS Implementation Team meeting in Seattle –Issues: Road safety, reducing congestion, fuel economy, etc. –Working with the U.S. National Center for APEC Facilitating American private sector input into APEC –POC – Maureen Walker – NCO – (202) 482-2004 13

14. Chamber 03/09 Private Sector Competition Minimize competition between service providers Encourage fair competition in the private sector in GNSS receiver and application markets –Leads to greater innovation, lower costs Fair competition means no preferential treatment for any particular company (s) –Equal (if not open) access to information and markets Freedom of choice desired for end users –Standards and other governmental measures should not effectively mandate use of one GNSS over another U.S. agreements with other GNSS providers include language on fair trade/open markets ( non-discriminatory) 14

15. Chamber 03/09 15 Summary U.S. Space-based PNT Programs, Policy Implementation and Diplomatic efforts are progressing well –Continuing to improve GPS and Augmentation Systems –International cooperation is a priority for the U.S. Compatibility, Interoperability Equal Market-Driven Competition in receivers & applications GNSS use continues to expand with many new applications emerging As new space-based GNSS emerge globally, public sector cooperation is the key to “success for all”

16. Chamber 03/09 THANK YOU This presentation and other information available: www.PNT.gov 16

17. Chamber 03/09 Contact Information Michael E. Shaw Director U.S. National Coordination Office for Space-Based PNT 14 th & Constitution Ave, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20230 United States of America Ph: +1 (202) 482-5809 Fax: +1 (202) 482-4429 Michael.Shaw@pnt.gov Presentation and other information available: www.PNT.gov 17