1. Lacustrine Records of Holocene ENSO Variability Christopher Moy 1 Donald Rodbell 2 Geoffrey Seltzer 3 Ursula Roehl 4 David Anderson 1 1 NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 2 Geology Dept., Union College 3 Dept. Of Earth Sciences, Syracuse University 4 University of Bremen

2. Background Sediment core retrieved from L. Pallcacocha displayed abundant light-colored clastic laminae. Rodbell et al. (1999) hypothesized that the clastic laminae were deposited during El Nino- induced alluviation events in the drainage basin. However, discontinuity and lack of a sediment- water interface precluded investigation of millennial-scale variability.

3. Objective: Utilize a new continuous sediment core and identify the frequency components with wavelet analysis

7. Geotek Linescan Camera

8. CORTEX XRF Scanner – Univ. of Bremen Jansen et al. (1998)

10. Age Models Constant Carbon Accumulation Model: -Distributes age based on carbon content of sediment Event Model: -All laminae assigned a value of 6 months based on Rio Chira discharge data Both models assign higher sedimentation rates to the light-colored laminae

11. Relationship to Modern ENSO

12. Linescan Results

13. XRF Results

16. ENSO Model Comparison Clement et al. (2000)

17. NumberStudyRecordTime SpanResolution 1North Australia; McGlone et al. (1992) and Shulmeister and Lees (1995) Lake Sediment: Pollen HoloceneInter-Decadal 2Great Barrier Reef, Australia; Gagan et al. (1998) Coral: Sr/Ca and  18 O 25 Years; ~5400 cal yr BP Annual 3Northern New Guinea, Tudhope et al. Coral:  18 O 49 Years at ~6500 cal yr BP and ~90 years at 2000-3000 cal yr BP Annual 4Ecuador, Rodbell et al. (1999) Moy (2000)Lake Sediment: Grayscale and Color ~12,000 YearsSub-Decadal 5Coastal Peru, Sandweiss et al. (2001)Midden: MollusksHoloceneDiscontinuous Image from Cole (2001)

18. Future Work - Laguna Fondococha K (cps) Ti (cps) Fe (cps)

19. Conclusions: Gradual increase in ENSO event frequency through the Holocene Driven by orbitally-induced changes in insolation Millennial-scale variability centered on 2,000 yrs Centennial to ENSO band variance exhibited in the most recent 6,000 yrs of the record

23. XRF Results

24. Pallcacocha Filtered XRF Composite Comparison to IRD events in the N. Atlantic

25. Comparison to IRD events in the N. Atlantic

26. Pacific Basin Proxy Records

27. ENSO Band