2. Formation of Haploid Cells Meiosis- for of cell division that halves the number of chromosomes when forming specialized reproductive cells such as gametes or spores. 2 divisions in the nucleus Meiosis I Meiosis II

3. Meiotic Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II

4. http://www.ri.net/schools/Narragansett/NHS/myweb page/

5. Crossing Over The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis http://waynesword.palomar.edu/l mexer2a.htm

6. Independent Assortment The random distribution of the pairs of genes on different chromosomes to the gametes. Humans have 23 chromosomes, so…. There is 2 23 (roughly 8 million) gene combinations that can be produced.

7. Spermatogenesis The process by which sperm are produced in male animals. Occurs in the testes Results in 4 sperm cells

8. Oogenesis Process by which gametes are produced in female animals. Occurs in the ovaries Results in one egg cell, or ovum, and 3 polar bodies that will die.

9. Use of cell reproduction in the real world Cloning Artificial insemination Humans livestock Karyotyping Stem Cell research Epigenetic gene marking