1. Thinking About Psychology, Second Edition Module 4: Research Strategies iClicker Questions
Charles T. Blair-Broeker
Randal M. Ernst
Questions Written by Kent Korek, Germantown High School

2. 1. The scientific method:
a. is a method used in laboratories in the “hard’ sciences, not the social sciences.
b. is so complex and time consuming that it is rarely used anymore.
c. is the application of critical thinking and tools such as observation and statistical analysis.
d. is used when reputable scientists use their intuition to form an opinion about a problem.
The correct answer is: c. is the application of critical thinking and tools such as observation and statistical analysis.

3. 2. Confirmation bias occurs:
a. in every experiment; it is impossible to control for.
b. when a researcher has a preconception about how an experiment will turn out.
c. when researchers purposely lie about the data in order to get money or fame.
d. when researchers selectively notice evidence that supports their hypothesis.
The correct answer is: d. when researchers selectively notice evidence that supports their hypothesis.

4. c. naturalistic observation. d. a double-blind procedure.
3. Dr. Schneider is researching aggressive behavior in young children. He goes to a local elementary school and watches the children at recess counting how many times a child strikes another. Dr. Schneider’s research would be called:
a. a case study.
b. participant bias.
c. naturalistic observation.
d. a double-blind procedure.
The correct answer is: c. naturalistic observation.

5. c. independent variables. d. negatively correlated.
4. If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriage than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are:
a. causally related.
b. dependent variables.
c. independent variables.
d. negatively correlated.
The correct answer is: d. negatively correlated.

6. 5. The survey method is:
a. exclusively opinion based; it cannot measure any factual information.
b. a research technique designed to discover self-reported attitudes or behavior through questionnaires.
c. a research technique that involves studying one group of people over a long amount of time.
d. a research technique that manipulates a single variable in order to see its affect on another variable.
The correct answer is: b. a research technique designed to discover self-reported attitudes or behavior through questionnaires.

7. 6. Longitudinal studies:
a. are too expensive and impractical for modern psychological researchers.
b. compare individuals from different age groups at one time.
c. examine individuals in the long-distant past and attempt to determine their motives.
d. study the same group of people over a long period of time.
The correct answer is: d. study the same group of people over a long period of time.

8. c. correlational research. d. naturalistic observation.
7. In a test of the effects of sleep deprivation on problem-solving skills, research participants are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours on each of three consecutive nights. This research is an example of:
a. a case study.
b. an experiment.
c. correlational research.
d. naturalistic observation.
The correct answer is: b. an experiment.

9. b. mild electrical current. c. subjects.
8. Professor Aronow is running an experiment trying to determine the effects of stress on decision making. In the experiment, one group of subjects is put under stress through the use of a mild electrical shock. The subjects are then asked to complete a survey including various problems. The other subjects are only given the survey. In this experiment, the independent variable is the:
a. survey.
b. mild electrical current.
c. subjects.
d. way subjects are assigned to each group.
The correct answer is: b. mild electrical current.

10. d. the test at the end of the unit.”
9. Dr. Mueller is trying to determine if map work help students learn the names of the states. In the first class, the teacher presents a lesson on the states and has the students complete a map exercise. In the second class, the teacher only presents the lesson. At the end of the unit each class is given a test on the states. The experimental group in the experiment is the:
a. first class.
b. second class.
c. the map exercises.
d. the test at the end of the unit.”
The correct answer is: a. first class.

11. 10. The four basic principles used to judge the ethics of research are:
a. experimental group, control group, hypothesis, and replication.
b. independent variable, dependent variable, placebo, and double-blind.
c. informed consent, protection from harm, confidentiality, and debriefing.
d. scientific validity, expertise of the researcher, cost, and time involved.
The correct answer is: c. informed consent, protection from harm, confidentiality, and debriefing.